Match api migration behavior to web behavior (#23552 ) (#23572 )

Backport #23552 by @atomaka When attempting to migrate a repository via the API endpoint comments are always included. This can create a problem if your source repository has issues or pull requests but you do not want to import them into Gitea that displays as something like: > Error 500: We were unable to perform the request due to server-side problems. 'comment references non existent IssueIndex 4 There are only two ways to resolve this: 1. Migrate using the web interface 2. Migrate using the API including at issues or pull requests. This PR matches the behavior of the API migration router to the web migration router. Co-authored-by: Andrew Tomaka <atomaka@atomaka.com> Co-authored-by: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv> Co-authored-by: Lunny Xiao <xiaolunwen@gmail.com>
Handle missing README in create repos API (#23387 ) (#23509 )
2023-03-19 15:29:57 +08:00 · 2023-03-16 21:05:41 -04:00 · 2023-03-15 13:13:27 +01:00 · 2023-03-15 09:41:09 +08:00 · 2023-03-15 08:06:02 +08:00 · 2023-03-06 11:38:45 -06:00
357 changed files with 6830 additions and 3372 deletions
--- a/.air.toml
+++ b/.air.toml
@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ tmp_dir = ".air"
 cmd = "make backend"
 bin = "gitea"
 include_ext = ["go", "tmpl"]
-exclude_dir = ["modules/git/tests", "services/gitdiff/testdata", "modules/avatar/testdata"]
-include_dir = ["cmd", "models", "modules", "options", "routers", "services", "templates"]
+exclude_dir = ["modules/git/tests", "services/gitdiff/testdata", "modules/avatar/testdata", "models/fixtures", "models/migrations/fixtures", "modules/migration/file_format_testdata", "modules/avatar/identicon/testdata"]
+include_dir = ["cmd", "models", "modules", "options", "routers", "services"]
 exclude_regex = ["_test.go$", "_gen.go$"]
--- a/.drone.yml
+++ b/.drone.yml
@ -769,10 +769,16 @@ steps:
    image: woodpeckerci/plugin-s3:latest
    pull: always
    settings:
-      acl: public-read
-      bucket: gitea-artifacts
-      endpoint: https://ams3.digitaloceanspaces.com
-      path_style: true
+      acl:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_acl
+      region:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_region
+      bucket:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_bucket
+      endpoint:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_endpoint
+      path_style:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_path_style
      source: "dist/release/*"
      strip_prefix: dist/release/
      target: "/gitea/${DRONE_BRANCH##release/v}"
@ -790,10 +796,16 @@ steps:
  - name: release-main
    image: woodpeckerci/plugin-s3:latest
    settings:
-      acl: public-read
-      bucket: gitea-artifacts
-      endpoint: https://ams3.digitaloceanspaces.com
-      path_style: true
+      acl:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_acl
+      region:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_region
+      bucket:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_bucket
+      endpoint:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_endpoint
+      path_style:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_path_style
      source: "dist/release/*"
      strip_prefix: dist/release/
      target: /gitea/main
@ -892,10 +904,16 @@ steps:
    image: woodpeckerci/plugin-s3:latest
    pull: always
    settings:
-      acl: public-read
-      bucket: gitea-artifacts
-      endpoint: https://ams3.digitaloceanspaces.com
-      path_style: true
+      acl:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_acl
+      region:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_region
+      bucket:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_bucket
+      endpoint:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_endpoint
+      path_style:
+        from_secret: aws_s3_path_style
      source: "dist/release/*"
      strip_prefix: dist/release/
      target: "/gitea/${DRONE_TAG##v}"
@ -941,7 +959,8 @@ steps:
    image: plugins/hugo:latest
    pull: always
    commands:
-      - apk add --no-cache make bash curl
+      # https://github.com/drone-plugins/drone-hugo/issues/36
+      - apk upgrade --no-cache libcurl && apk add --no-cache make bash curl
      - cd docs
      - make trans-copy clean build

--- a/.golangci.yml
+++ b/.golangci.yml
@ -173,3 +173,6 @@ issues:
      linters:
        - revive
      text: "exported: type name will be used as user.UserBadge by other packages, and that stutters; consider calling this Badge"
+    - path: models/db/sql_postgres_with_schema.go
+      linters:
+        - nolintlint
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@ -4,6 +4,367 @@ This changelog goes through all the changes that have been made in each release
 without substantial changes to our git log; to see the highlights of what has
 been added to each release, please refer to the [blog](https://blog.gitea.io).

+## [1.18.5](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.18.5) - 2023-02-21
+
+* ENHANCEMENTS
+  * Hide 2FA status from other members in organization members list (#22999) (#23023)
+* BUGFIXES
+  * Add force_merge to merge request and fix checking mergable (#23010) (#23032)
+  * Use `--message=%s` for git commit message (#23028) (#23029)
+  * Render access log template as text instead of HTML (#23013) (#23025)
+  * Fix the Manually Merged form (#23015) (#23017)
+  * Use beforeCommit instead of baseCommit (#22949) (#22996)
+  * Display attachments of review comment when comment content is blank (#23035) (#23046)
+  * Return empty url for submodule tree entries (#23043) (#23048)
+
+## [1.18.4](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/1.18.4) - 2023-02-20
+
+* SECURITY
+  * Provide the ability to set password hash algorithm parameters (#22942) (#22943)
+  * Add command to bulk set must-change-password (#22823) (#22928)
+* ENHANCEMENTS
+  * Use import of OCI structs (#22765) (#22805)
+  * Fix color of tertiary button on dark theme (#22739) (#22744)
+  * Link issue and pull requests status change in UI notifications directly to their event in the timelined view. (#22627) (#22642)
+* BUGFIXES
+  * Notify on container image create (#22806) (#22965)
+  * Fix blame view missing lines (#22826) (#22929)
+  * Fix incorrect role labels for migrated issues and comments (#22914) (#22923)
+  * Fix PR file tree folders no longer collapsing (#22864) (#22872)
+  * Escape filename when assemble URL (#22850) (#22871)
+  * Fix isAllowed of escapeStreamer (#22814) (#22837)
+  * Load issue before accessing index in merge message (#22822) (#22830)
+  * Improve trace logging for pulls and processes (#22633) (#22812)
+  * Fix restore repo bug, clarify the problem of ForeignIndex (#22776) (#22794)
+  * Add default user visibility to cli command "admin user create" (#22750) (#22760)
+  * Escape path for the file list (#22741) (#22757)
+  * Fix bugs with WebAuthn preventing sign in and registration. (#22651) (#22721)
+  * Add missing close bracket in imagediff (#22710) (#22712)
+  * Move code comments to a standalone file and fix the bug when adding a reply to an outdated review appears to not post(#20821) (#22707)
+  * Fix line spacing for plaintext previews (#22699) (#22701)
+  * Fix wrong hint when deleting a branch successfully from pull request UI (#22673) (#22698)
+  * Fix README TOC links (#22577) (#22677)
+  * Fix missing message in git hook when pull requests disabled on fork (#22625) (#22658)
+  * Improve checkIfPRContentChanged (#22611) (#22644)
+  * Prevent duplicate labels when importing more than 99 (#22591) (#22598)
+  * Don't return duplicated users who can create org repo (#22560) (#22562)
+* BUILD
+  * Upgrade golangcilint to v1.51.0 (#22764)
+* MISC
+  * Use proxy for pull mirror (#22771) (#22772)
+  * Use `--index-url` in PyPi description (#22620) (#22636)
+
+## [1.18.3](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.18.3) - 2023-01-23
+
+* SECURITY
+  * Prevent multiple `To` recipients (#22566) (#22569)
+* BUGFIXES
+  * Truncate commit summary on repo files table. (#22551) (#22552)
+  * Mute all links in issue timeline (#22534)
+
+## [1.18.2](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.18.2) - 2023-01-19
+
+* BUGFIXES
+  * When updating by rebase we need to set the environment for head repo (#22535) (#22536)
+  * Fix issue not auto-closing when it includes a reference to a branch (#22514) (#22521)
+  * Fix invalid issue branch reference if not specified in template (#22513) (#22520)
+  * Fix 500 error viewing pull request when fork has pull requests disabled (#22512) (#22515)
+  * Reliable selection of admin user (#22509) (#22511)
+  * Set disable_gravatar/enable_federated_avatar when offline mode is true (#22479) (#22496)
+* BUILD
+  * cgo cross-compile for freebsd (#22397) (#22519)
+
+## [1.18.1](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.18.1) - 2023-01-17
+
+* API
+  * Add `sync_on_commit` option for push mirrors api (#22271) (#22292)
+* BUGFIXES
+  * Update `github.com/zeripath/zapx/v15` (#22485)
+  * Fix pull request API field `closed_at` always being `null` (#22482) (#22483)
+  * Fix container blob mount (#22226) (#22476)
+  * Fix error when calculating repository size (#22392) (#22474)
+  * Fix Operator does not exist bug on explore page with ONLY_SHOW_RELEVANT_REPOS (#22454) (#22472)
+  * Fix environments for KaTeX and error reporting (#22453) (#22473)
+  * Remove the netgo tag for Windows build (#22467) (#22468)
+  * Fix migration from GitBucket (#22477) (#22465)
+  * Prevent panic on looking at api "git" endpoints for empty repos (#22457) (#22458)
+  * Fix PR status layout on mobile (#21547) (#22441)
+  * Fix wechatwork webhook sends empty content in PR review (#21762) (#22440)
+  * Remove duplicate "Actions" label in mobile view (#21974) (#22439)
+  * Fix leaving organization bug on user settings -> orgs (#21983) (#22438)
+  * Fixed colour transparency regex matching in project board sorting (#22092) (#22437)
+  * Correctly handle select on multiple channels in Queues (#22146) (#22428)
+  * Prepend refs/heads/ to issue template refs (#20461) (#22427)
+  * Restore function to "Show more" buttons (#22399) (#22426)
+  * Continue GCing other repos on error in one repo (#22422) (#22425)
+  * Allow HOST has no port (#22280) (#22409)
+  * Fix omit avatar_url in discord payload when empty (#22393) (#22394)
+  * Don't display stop watch top bar icon when disabled and hidden when click other place (#22374) (#22387)
+  * Don't lookup mail server when using sendmail (#22300) (#22383)
+  * Fix gravatar disable bug (#22337)
+  * Fix update settings table on install (#22326) (#22327)
+  * Fix sitemap (#22272) (#22320)
+  * Fix code search title translation (#22285) (#22316)
+  * Fix due date rendering the wrong date in issue (#22302) (#22306)
+  * Fix get system setting bug when enabled redis cache (#22298)
+  * Fix bug of DisableGravatar default value (#22297)
+  * Fix key signature error page (#22229) (#22230)
+* TESTING
+  * Remove test session cache to reduce possible concurrent problem (#22199) (#22429)
+* MISC
+  * Restore previous official review when an official review is deleted (#22449) (#22460)
+  * Log STDERR of external renderer when it fails (#22442) (#22444)
+
+## [1.18.0](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/1.18.0) - 2022-12-22
+
+* SECURITY
+  * Remove ReverseProxy authentication from the API (#22219) (#22251)
+  * Support Go Vulnerability Management (#21139)
+  * Forbid HTML string tooltips (#20935)
+* BREAKING
+  * Rework mailer settings (#18982)
+  * Remove U2F support (#20141)
+  * Refactor `i18n` to `locale` (#20153)
+  * Enable contenthash in filename for dynamic assets (#20813)
+* FEATURES
+  * Add color previews in markdown (#21474)
+  * Allow package version sorting (#21453)
+  * Add support for Chocolatey/NuGet v2 API (#21393)
+  * Add API endpoint to get changed files of a PR (#21177)
+  * Add filetree on left of diff view (#21012)
+  * Support Issue forms and PR forms (#20987)
+  * Add support for Vagrant packages (#20930)
+  * Add support for `npm unpublish` (#20688)
+  * Add badge capabilities to users (#20607)
+  * Add issue filter for Author (#20578)
+  * Add KaTeX rendering to Markdown. (#20571)
+  * Add support for Pub packages (#20560)
+  * Support localized README (#20508)
+  * Add support mCaptcha as captcha provider (#20458)
+  * Add team member invite by email (#20307)
+  * Added email notification option to receive all own messages (#20179)
+  * Switch Unicode Escaping to a VSCode-like system (#19990)
+  * Add user/organization code search (#19977)
+  * Only show relevant repositories on explore page (#19361)
+  * User keypairs and HTTP signatures for ActivityPub federation using go-ap (#19133)
+  * Add sitemap support (#18407)
+  * Allow creation of OAuth2 applications for orgs (#18084)
+  * Add system setting table with cache and also add cache supports for user setting (#18058)
+  * Add pages to view watched repos and subscribed issues/PRs (#17156)
+  * Support Proxy protocol (#12527)
+  * Implement sync push mirror on commit (#19411)
+* API
+  * Allow empty assignees on pull request edit (#22150) (#22214)
+  * Make external issue tracker regexp configurable via API (#21338)
+  * Add name field for org api (#21270)
+  * Show teams with no members if user is admin (#21204)
+  * Add latest commit's SHA to content response (#20398)
+  * Add allow_rebase_update, default_delete_branch_after_merge to repository api response (#20079)
+  * Add new endpoints for push mirrors management (#19841)
+* ENHANCEMENTS
+  * Add setting to disable the git apply step in test patch (#22130) (#22170)
+  * Multiple improvements for comment edit diff (#21990) (#22007)
+  * Fix button in branch list, avoid unexpected page jump before restore branch actually done (#21562) (#21928)
+  * Fix flex layout for repo list icons (#21896) (#21920)
+  * Fix vertical align of committer avatar rendered by email address (#21884) (#21918)
+  * Fix setting HTTP headers after write (#21833) (#21877)
+  * Color and Style enhancements (#21784, #21799) (#21868)
+  * Ignore line anchor links with leading zeroes (#21728) (#21776)
+  * Quick fixes monaco-editor error: "vs.editor.nullLanguage" (#21734) (#21738)
+  * Use CSS color-scheme instead of invert (#21616) (#21623)
+  * Respect user's locale when rendering the date range in the repo activity page (#21410)
+  * Change `commits-table` column width (#21564)
+  * Refactor git command arguments and make all arguments to be safe to be used (#21535)
+  * CSS color enhancements (#21534)
+  * Add link to user profile in markdown mention only if user exists (#21533, #21554)
+  * Add option to skip index dirs (#21501)
+  * Diff file tree tweaks (#21446)
+  * Localize all timestamps (#21440)
+  * Add `code` highlighting in issue titles (#21432)
+  * Use Name instead of DisplayName in LFS Lock (#21415)
+  * Consolidate more CSS colors into variables (#21402)
+  * Redirect to new repository owner (#21398)
+  * Use ISO date format instead of hard-coded English date format for date range in repo activity page (#21396)
+  * Use weighted algorithm for string matching when finding files in repo (#21370)
+  * Show private data in feeds (#21369)
+  * Refactor parseTreeEntries, speed up tree list (#21368)
+  * Add GET and DELETE endpoints for Docker blob uploads (#21367)
+  * Add nicer error handling on template compile errors (#21350)
+  * Add `stat` to `ToCommit` function for speed (#21337)
+  * Support instance-wide OAuth2 applications (#21335)
+  * Record OAuth client type at registration (#21316)
+  * Add new CSS variables --color-accent and --color-small-accent (#21305)
+  * Improve error descriptions for unauthorized_client (#21292)
+  * Case-insensitive "find files in repo" (#21269)
+  * Consolidate more CSS rules, fix inline code on arc-green (#21260)
+  * Log real ip of requests from ssh (#21216)
+  * Save files in local storage as group readable (#21198)
+  * Enable fluid page layout on medium size viewports (#21178)
+  * File header tweaks (#21175)
+  * Added missing headers on user packages page (#21172)
+  * Display image digest for container packages (#21170)
+  * Skip dirty check for team forms (#21154)
+  * Keep path when creating a new branch (#21153)
+  * Remove fomantic image module (#21145)
+  * Make labels clickable in the comments section. (#21137)
+  * Sort branches and tags by date descending (#21136)
+  * Better repo API unit checks (#21130)
+  * Improve commit status icons (#21124)
+  * Limit length of repo description and repo url input fields (#21119)
+  * Show .editorconfig errors in frontend (#21088)
+  * Allow poster to choose reviewers (#21084)
+  * Remove black labels and CSS cleanup (#21003)
+  * Make e-mail sanity check more precise (#20991)
+  * Use native inputs in whitespace dropdown (#20980)
+  * Enhance package date display (#20928)
+  * Display total blob size of a package version (#20927)
+  * Show language name on hover (#20923)
+  * Show instructions for all generic package files (#20917)
+  * Refactor AssertExistsAndLoadBean to use generics (#20797)
+  * Move the official website link at the footer of gitea (#20777)
+  * Add support for full name in reverse proxy auth (#20776)
+  * Remove useless JS operation for relative time tooltips (#20756)
+  * Replace some icons with SVG (#20741)
+  * Change commit status icons to SVG (#20736)
+  * Improve single repo action for issue and pull requests (#20730)
+  * Allow multiple files in generic packages (#20661)
+  * Add option to create new issue from /issues page (#20650)
+  * Background color of private list-items updated (#20630)
+  * Added search input field to issue filter (#20623)
+  * Increase default item listing size `ISSUE_PAGING_NUM` to 20 (#20547)
+  * Modify milestone search keywords to be case insensitive again (#20513)
+  * Show hint to link package to repo when viewing empty repo package list (#20504)
+  * Add Tar ZSTD support (#20493)
+  * Make code review checkboxes clickable (#20481)
+  * Add "X-Gitea-Object-Type" header for GET `/raw/` & `/media/` API (#20438)
+  * Display project in issue list (#20434)
+  * Prepend commit message to template content when opening a new PR (#20429)
+  * Replace fomantic popup module with tippy.js (#20428)
+  * Allow to specify colors for text in markup (#20363)
+  * Allow access to the Public Organization Member lists with minimal permissions (#20330)
+  * Use default values when provided values are empty (#20318)
+  * Vertical align navbar avatar at middle (#20302)
+  * Delete cancel button in repo creation page (#21381)
+  * Include login_name in adminCreateUser response (#20283)
+  * fix: icon margin in user/settings/repos (#20281)
+  * Remove blue text on migrate page (#20273)
+  * Modify milestone search keywords to be case insensitive (#20266)
+  * Move some files into models' sub packages (#20262)
+  * Add tooltip to repo icons in explore page (#20241)
+  * Remove deprecated licenses (#20222)
+  * Webhook for Wiki changes (#20219)
+  * Share HTML template renderers and create a watcher framework (#20218)
+  * Allow enable LDAP source and disable user sync via CLI (#20206)
+  * Adds a checkbox to select all issues/PRs (#20177)
+  * Refactor `i18n` to `locale` (#20153)
+  * Disable status checks in template if none found (#20088)
+  * Allow manager logging to set SQL (#20064)
+  * Add order by for assignee no sort issue (#20053)
+  * Take a stab at porting existing components to Vue3 (#20044)
+  * Add doctor command to write commit-graphs (#20007)
+  * Add support for authentication based on reverse proxy email (#19949)
+  * Enable spellcheck for EasyMDE, use contenteditable mode (#19776)
+  * Allow specifying SECRET_KEY_URI, similar to INTERNAL_TOKEN_URI (#19663)
+  * Rework mailer settings (#18982)
+  * Add option to purge users (#18064)
+  * Add author search input (#21246)
+  * Make rss/atom identifier globally unique (#21550)
+* BUGFIXES
+  * Auth interface return error when verify failure (#22119) (#22259)
+  * Use complete SHA to create and query commit status (#22244) (#22257)
+  * Update bleve and zapx to fix unaligned atomic (#22031) (#22218)
+  * Prevent panic in doctor command when running default checks (#21791) (#21807)
+  * Load GitRepo in API before deleting issue (#21720) (#21796)
+  * Ignore line anchor links with leading zeroes (#21728) (#21776)
+  * Set last login when activating account (#21731) (#21755)
+  * Fix UI language switching bug (#21597) (#21749)
+  * Quick fixes monaco-editor error: "vs.editor.nullLanguage" (#21734) (#21738)
+  * Allow local package identifiers for PyPI packages (#21690) (#21727)
+  * Deal with markdown template without metadata (#21639) (#21654)
+  * Fix opaque background on mermaid diagrams (#21642) (#21652)
+  * Fix repository adoption on Windows (#21646) (#21650)
+  * Sync git hooks when config file path changed (#21619) (#21626)
+  * Fix 500 on PR files API (#21602) (#21607)
+  * Fix `Timestamp.IsZero` (#21593) (#21603)
+  * Fix viewing user subscriptions (#21482)
+  * Fix mermaid-related bugs (#21431)
+  * Fix branch dropdown shifting on page load (#21428)
+  * Fix default theme-auto selector when nologin (#21346)
+  * Fix and improve incorrect error messages (#21342)
+  * Fix formatted link for PR review notifications to matrix (#21319)
+  * Center-aligning content of WebAuthN page (#21127)
+  * Remove follow from commits by file (#20765)
+  * Fix commit status popup (#20737)
+  * Fix init mail render logic (#20704)
+  * Use correct page size for link header pagination (#20546)
+  * Preserve unix socket file (#20499)
+  * Use tippy.js for context popup (#20393)
+  * Add missing parameter for error in log message (#20144)
+  * Do not allow organisation owners add themselves as collaborator (#20043)
+  * Rework file highlight rendering and fix yaml copy-paste (#19967)
+  * Improve code diff highlight, fix incorrect rendered diff result (#19958)
+* TESTING
+  * Improve OAuth integration tests (#21390)
+  * Add playwright tests (#20123)
+* BUILD
+  * Switch to building with go1.19 (#20695)
+  * Update JS dependencies, adjust eslint (#20659)
+  * Add more linters to improve code readability (#19989)
+
+## [1.17.4](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/1.17.4) - 2022-12-21
+
+* SECURITY
+  * Do not allow Ghost access to limited visible user/org (#21849) (#21875)
+  * Fix package access for admins and inactive users (#21580) (#21592)
+* ENHANCEMENTS
+  * Fix button in branch list, avoid unexpected page jump before restore branch actually done (#21562) (#21927)
+  * Fix vertical align of committer avatar rendered by email address (#21884) (#21919)
+  * Fix setting HTTP headers after write (#21833) (#21874)
+  * Ignore line anchor links with leading zeroes (#21728) (#21777)
+  * Enable Monaco automaticLayout (#21516)
+* BUGFIXES
+  * Do not list active repositories as unadopted (#22034) (#22167)
+  * Correctly handle moved files in apply patch (#22118) (#22136)
+  * Fix condition for is_internal (#22095) (#22131)
+  * Fix permission check on issue/pull lock (#22114)
+  * Fix sorting admin user list by last login (#22081) (#22106)
+  * Workaround for container registry push/pull errors (#21862) (#22069)
+  * Fix issue/PR numbers (#22037) (#22045)
+  * Handle empty author names (#21902) (#22028)
+  * Fix ListBranches to handle empty case (#21921) (#22025)
+  * Fix enabling partial clones on 1.17 (#21809)
+  * Prevent panic in doctor command when running default checks (#21791) (#21808)
+  * Upgrade golang.org/x/crypto (#21792) (#21794)
+  * Init git module before database migration (#21764) (#21766)
+  * Set last login when activating account (#21731) (#21754)
+  * Add HEAD fix to gitea doctor (#21352) (#21751)
+  * Fix UI language switching bug (#21597) (#21748)
+  * Remove semver compatible flag and change pypi to an array of test cases (#21708) (#21729)
+  * Allow local package identifiers for PyPI packages (#21690) (#21726)
+  * Fix repository adoption on Windows (#21646) (#21651)
+  * Sync git hooks when config file path changed (#21619) (#21625)
+  * Added check for disabled Packages (#21540) (#21614)
+  * Fix `Timestamp.IsZero` (#21593) (#21604)
+  * Fix issues count bug (#21600)
+  * Support binary deploy in npm packages (#21589)
+  * Update milestone counters when issue is deleted (#21459) (#21586)
+  * SessionUser protection against nil pointer dereference (#21581)
+  * Case-insensitive NuGet symbol file GUID (#21409) (#21575)
+  * Suppress `ExternalLoginUserNotExist` error (#21504) (#21572)
+  * Prevent Authorization header for presigned LFS urls (#21531) (#21569)
+  * Update binding to fix bugs (#21560)
+  * Fix generating compare link (#21519) (#21530)
+  * Ignore error when retrieving changed PR review files (#21487) (#21524)
+  * Fix incorrect notification commit url (#21479) (#21483)
+  * Display total commit count in hook message (#21400) (#21481)
+  * Enforce grouped NuGet search results (#21442) (#21480)
+  * Return 404 when user is not found on avatar (#21476) (#21477)
+  * Normalize NuGet package version on upload (#22186) (#22201)
+* MISC
+  * Check for zero time instant in TimeStamp.IsZero() (#22171) (#22173)
+  * Fix warn in database structs sync (#22111)
+  * Allow for resolution of NPM registry paths that match upstream (#21568) (#21723)
+
 ## [1.17.3](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.17.3) - 2022-10-15

 * SECURITY
--- a/Dockerfile.rootless
+++ b/Dockerfile.rootless
@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ EXPOSE 2222 3000
 RUN apk --no-cache add \
    bash \
    ca-certificates \
+    dumb-init \
    gettext \
    git \
    curl \
@ -68,6 +69,6 @@ ENV HOME "/var/lib/gitea/git"
 VOLUME ["/var/lib/gitea", "/etc/gitea"]
 WORKDIR /var/lib/gitea

-ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh"]
+ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/dumb-init", "--", "/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh"]
 CMD []

--- a/19
+++ b/19
@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ XGO_VERSION := go-1.19.x
 AIR_PACKAGE ?= github.com/cosmtrek/air@v1.40.4
 EDITORCONFIG_CHECKER_PACKAGE ?= github.com/editorconfig-checker/editorconfig-checker/cmd/editorconfig-checker@2.5.0
 ERRCHECK_PACKAGE ?= github.com/kisielk/errcheck@v1.6.1
-GOFUMPT_PACKAGE ?= mvdan.cc/gofumpt@v0.3.1
-GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/cmd/golangci-lint@v1.47.0
+GOFUMPT_PACKAGE ?= mvdan.cc/gofumpt@v0.4.0
+GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/cmd/golangci-lint@v1.51.0
 GXZ_PAGAGE ?= github.com/ulikunitz/xz/cmd/gxz@v0.5.10
 MISSPELL_PACKAGE ?= github.com/client9/misspell/cmd/misspell@v0.3.4
 SWAGGER_PACKAGE ?= github.com/go-swagger/go-swagger/cmd/swagger@v0.30.0
@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ watch-frontend: node-check node_modules

 .PHONY: watch-backend
 watch-backend: go-check
-	$(GO) run $(AIR_PACKAGE) -c .air.toml
+	GITEA_RUN_MODE=dev $(GO) run $(AIR_PACKAGE) -c .air.toml

 .PHONY: test
 test: test-frontend test-backend
@ -733,16 +733,16 @@ $(EXECUTABLE): $(GO_SOURCES) $(TAGS_PREREQ)
 	CGO_CFLAGS="$(CGO_CFLAGS)" $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) $(EXTRA_GOFLAGS) -tags '$(TAGS)' -ldflags '-s -w $(LDFLAGS)' -o $@

 .PHONY: release
-release: frontend generate release-windows release-linux release-darwin release-copy release-compress vendor release-sources release-docs release-check
+release: frontend generate release-windows release-linux release-darwin release-freebsd release-copy release-compress vendor release-sources release-docs release-check

 $(DIST_DIRS):
 	mkdir -p $(DIST_DIRS)

 .PHONY: release-windows
 release-windows: | $(DIST_DIRS)
-	CGO_CFLAGS="$(CGO_CFLAGS)" $(GO) run $(XGO_PACKAGE) -go $(XGO_VERSION) -buildmode exe -dest $(DIST)/binaries -tags 'netgo osusergo $(TAGS)' -ldflags '-linkmode external -extldflags "-static" $(LDFLAGS)' -targets 'windows/*' -out gitea-$(VERSION) .
+	CGO_CFLAGS="$(CGO_CFLAGS)" $(GO) run $(XGO_PACKAGE) -go $(XGO_VERSION) -buildmode exe -dest $(DIST)/binaries -tags 'osusergo $(TAGS)' -ldflags '-linkmode external -extldflags "-static" $(LDFLAGS)' -targets 'windows/*' -out gitea-$(VERSION) .
 ifeq (,$(findstring gogit,$(TAGS)))
-	CGO_CFLAGS="$(CGO_CFLAGS)" $(GO) run $(XGO_PACKAGE) -go $(XGO_VERSION) -buildmode exe -dest $(DIST)/binaries -tags 'netgo osusergo gogit $(TAGS)' -ldflags '-linkmode external -extldflags "-static" $(LDFLAGS)' -targets 'windows/*' -out gitea-$(VERSION)-gogit .
+	CGO_CFLAGS="$(CGO_CFLAGS)" $(GO) run $(XGO_PACKAGE) -go $(XGO_VERSION) -buildmode exe -dest $(DIST)/binaries -tags 'osusergo gogit $(TAGS)' -ldflags '-linkmode external -extldflags "-static" $(LDFLAGS)' -targets 'windows/*' -out gitea-$(VERSION)-gogit .
 endif
 ifeq ($(CI),true)
 	cp /build/* $(DIST)/binaries
@ -762,6 +762,13 @@ ifeq ($(CI),true)
 	cp /build/* $(DIST)/binaries
 endif

+.PHONY: release-freebsd
+release-freebsd: | $(DIST_DIRS)
+	CGO_CFLAGS="$(CGO_CFLAGS)" $(GO) run $(XGO_PACKAGE) -go $(XGO_VERSION) -dest $(DIST)/binaries -tags 'netgo osusergo $(TAGS)' -ldflags '$(LDFLAGS)' -targets 'freebsd/amd64' -out gitea-$(VERSION) .
+ifeq ($(CI),true)
+	cp /build/* $(DIST)/binaries
+endif
+
 .PHONY: release-copy
 release-copy: | $(DIST_DIRS)
 	cd $(DIST); for file in `find . -type f -name "*"`; do cp $${file} ./release/; done;
--- a/assets/emoji.json
+++ b/assets/emoji.json
--- a/assets/go-licenses.json
+++ b/assets/go-licenses.json
--- a/build/generate-emoji.go
+++ b/build/generate-emoji.go
@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import (

 const (
 	gemojiURL         = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/github/gemoji/master/db/emoji.json"
-	maxUnicodeVersion = 12
+	maxUnicodeVersion = 14
 )

 var flagOut = flag.String("o", "modules/emoji/emoji_data.go", "out")
--- a/cmd/admin.go
+++ b/cmd/admin.go
@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 package cmd

 import (
-	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
@ -17,20 +16,14 @@ import (
 	auth_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
-	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/graceful"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
-	pwd "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/password"
 	repo_module "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/repository"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/storage"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 	auth_service "code.gitea.io/gitea/services/auth"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/auth/source/oauth2"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/auth/source/smtp"
 	repo_service "code.gitea.io/gitea/services/repository"
-	user_service "code.gitea.io/gitea/services/user"

 	"github.com/urfave/cli"
 )
@ -49,142 +42,6 @@ var (
 		},
 	}

-	subcmdUser = cli.Command{
-		Name:  "user",
-		Usage: "Modify users",
-		Subcommands: []cli.Command{
-			microcmdUserCreate,
-			microcmdUserList,
-			microcmdUserChangePassword,
-			microcmdUserDelete,
-			microcmdUserGenerateAccessToken,
-		},
-	}
-
-	microcmdUserList = cli.Command{
-		Name:   "list",
-		Usage:  "List users",
-		Action: runListUsers,
-		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			cli.BoolFlag{
-				Name:  "admin",
-				Usage: "List only admin users",
-			},
-		},
-	}
-
-	microcmdUserCreate = cli.Command{
-		Name:   "create",
-		Usage:  "Create a new user in database",
-		Action: runCreateUser,
-		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			cli.StringFlag{
-				Name:  "name",
-				Usage: "Username. DEPRECATED: use username instead",
-			},
-			cli.StringFlag{
-				Name:  "username",
-				Usage: "Username",
-			},
-			cli.StringFlag{
-				Name:  "password",
-				Usage: "User password",
-			},
-			cli.StringFlag{
-				Name:  "email",
-				Usage: "User email address",
-			},
-			cli.BoolFlag{
-				Name:  "admin",
-				Usage: "User is an admin",
-			},
-			cli.BoolFlag{
-				Name:  "random-password",
-				Usage: "Generate a random password for the user",
-			},
-			cli.BoolFlag{
-				Name:  "must-change-password",
-				Usage: "Set this option to false to prevent forcing the user to change their password after initial login, (Default: true)",
-			},
-			cli.IntFlag{
-				Name:  "random-password-length",
-				Usage: "Length of the random password to be generated",
-				Value: 12,
-			},
-			cli.BoolFlag{
-				Name:  "access-token",
-				Usage: "Generate access token for the user",
-			},
-			cli.BoolFlag{
-				Name:  "restricted",
-				Usage: "Make a restricted user account",
-			},
-		},
-	}
-
-	microcmdUserChangePassword = cli.Command{
-		Name:   "change-password",
-		Usage:  "Change a user's password",
-		Action: runChangePassword,
-		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			cli.StringFlag{
-				Name:  "username,u",
-				Value: "",
-				Usage: "The user to change password for",
-			},
-			cli.StringFlag{
-				Name:  "password,p",
-				Value: "",
-				Usage: "New password to set for user",
-			},
-		},
-	}
-
-	microcmdUserDelete = cli.Command{
-		Name:  "delete",
-		Usage: "Delete specific user by id, name or email",
-		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			cli.Int64Flag{
-				Name:  "id",
-				Usage: "ID of user of the user to delete",
-			},
-			cli.StringFlag{
-				Name:  "username,u",
-				Usage: "Username of the user to delete",
-			},
-			cli.StringFlag{
-				Name:  "email,e",
-				Usage: "Email of the user to delete",
-			},
-			cli.BoolFlag{
-				Name:  "purge",
-				Usage: "Purge user, all their repositories, organizations and comments",
-			},
-		},
-		Action: runDeleteUser,
-	}
-
-	microcmdUserGenerateAccessToken = cli.Command{
-		Name:  "generate-access-token",
-		Usage: "Generate a access token for a specific user",
-		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			cli.StringFlag{
-				Name:  "username,u",
-				Usage: "Username",
-			},
-			cli.StringFlag{
-				Name:  "token-name,t",
-				Usage: "Token name",
-				Value: "gitea-admin",
-			},
-			cli.BoolFlag{
-				Name:  "raw",
-				Usage: "Display only the token value",
-			},
-		},
-		Action: runGenerateAccessToken,
-	}
-
 	subcmdRepoSyncReleases = cli.Command{
 		Name:   "repo-sync-releases",
 		Usage:  "Synchronize repository releases with tags",
@ -304,6 +161,11 @@ var (
 			Value: "false",
 			Usage: "Use custom URLs for GitLab/GitHub OAuth endpoints",
 		},
+		cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:  "custom-tenant-id",
+			Value: "",
+			Usage: "Use custom Tenant ID for OAuth endpoints",
+		},
 		cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "custom-auth-url",
 			Value: "",
@ -413,9 +275,9 @@ var (
 			Usage: "SMTP Authentication Type (PLAIN/LOGIN/CRAM-MD5) default PLAIN",
 		},
 		cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "addr",
+			Name:  "host",
 			Value: "",
-			Usage: "SMTP Addr",
+			Usage: "SMTP Host",
 		},
 		cli.IntFlag{
 			Name:  "port",
@ -468,255 +330,6 @@ var (
 	}
 )

-func runChangePassword(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if err := argsSet(c, "username", "password"); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
-	defer cancel()
-
-	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if len(c.String("password")) < setting.MinPasswordLength {
-		return fmt.Errorf("Password is not long enough. Needs to be at least %d", setting.MinPasswordLength)
-	}
-
-	if !pwd.IsComplexEnough(c.String("password")) {
-		return errors.New("Password does not meet complexity requirements")
-	}
-	pwned, err := pwd.IsPwned(context.Background(), c.String("password"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if pwned {
-		return errors.New("The password you chose is on a list of stolen passwords previously exposed in public data breaches. Please try again with a different password.\nFor more details, see https://haveibeenpwned.com/Passwords")
-	}
-	uname := c.String("username")
-	user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, uname)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if err = user.SetPassword(c.String("password")); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if err = user_model.UpdateUserCols(ctx, user, "passwd", "passwd_hash_algo", "salt"); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	fmt.Printf("%s's password has been successfully updated!\n", user.Name)
-	return nil
-}
-
-func runCreateUser(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if err := argsSet(c, "email"); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if c.IsSet("name") && c.IsSet("username") {
-		return errors.New("Cannot set both --name and --username flags")
-	}
-	if !c.IsSet("name") && !c.IsSet("username") {
-		return errors.New("One of --name or --username flags must be set")
-	}
-
-	if c.IsSet("password") && c.IsSet("random-password") {
-		return errors.New("cannot set both -random-password and -password flags")
-	}
-
-	var username string
-	if c.IsSet("username") {
-		username = c.String("username")
-	} else {
-		username = c.String("name")
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "--name flag is deprecated. Use --username instead.\n")
-	}
-
-	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
-	defer cancel()
-
-	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	var password string
-	if c.IsSet("password") {
-		password = c.String("password")
-	} else if c.IsSet("random-password") {
-		var err error
-		password, err = pwd.Generate(c.Int("random-password-length"))
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		fmt.Printf("generated random password is '%s'\n", password)
-	} else {
-		return errors.New("must set either password or random-password flag")
-	}
-
-	// always default to true
-	changePassword := true
-
-	// If this is the first user being created.
-	// Take it as the admin and don't force a password update.
-	if n := user_model.CountUsers(nil); n == 0 {
-		changePassword = false
-	}
-
-	if c.IsSet("must-change-password") {
-		changePassword = c.Bool("must-change-password")
-	}
-
-	restricted := util.OptionalBoolNone
-
-	if c.IsSet("restricted") {
-		restricted = util.OptionalBoolOf(c.Bool("restricted"))
-	}
-
-	u := &user_model.User{
-		Name:               username,
-		Email:              c.String("email"),
-		Passwd:             password,
-		IsAdmin:            c.Bool("admin"),
-		MustChangePassword: changePassword,
-	}
-
-	overwriteDefault := &user_model.CreateUserOverwriteOptions{
-		IsActive:     util.OptionalBoolTrue,
-		IsRestricted: restricted,
-	}
-
-	if err := user_model.CreateUser(u, overwriteDefault); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("CreateUser: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if c.Bool("access-token") {
-		t := &auth_model.AccessToken{
-			Name: "gitea-admin",
-			UID:  u.ID,
-		}
-
-		if err := auth_model.NewAccessToken(t); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		fmt.Printf("Access token was successfully created... %s\n", t.Token)
-	}
-
-	fmt.Printf("New user '%s' has been successfully created!\n", username)
-	return nil
-}
-
-func runListUsers(c *cli.Context) error {
-	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
-	defer cancel()
-
-	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	users, err := user_model.GetAllUsers()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	w := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 5, 0, 1, ' ', 0)
-
-	if c.IsSet("admin") {
-		fmt.Fprintf(w, "ID\tUsername\tEmail\tIsActive\n")
-		for _, u := range users {
-			if u.IsAdmin {
-				fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d\t%s\t%s\t%t\n", u.ID, u.Name, u.Email, u.IsActive)
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		twofa := user_model.UserList(users).GetTwoFaStatus()
-		fmt.Fprintf(w, "ID\tUsername\tEmail\tIsActive\tIsAdmin\t2FA\n")
-		for _, u := range users {
-			fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d\t%s\t%s\t%t\t%t\t%t\n", u.ID, u.Name, u.Email, u.IsActive, u.IsAdmin, twofa[u.ID])
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	w.Flush()
-	return nil
-}
-
-func runDeleteUser(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if !c.IsSet("id") && !c.IsSet("username") && !c.IsSet("email") {
-		return fmt.Errorf("You must provide the id, username or email of a user to delete")
-	}
-
-	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
-	defer cancel()
-
-	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if err := storage.Init(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	var err error
-	var user *user_model.User
-	if c.IsSet("email") {
-		user, err = user_model.GetUserByEmail(c.String("email"))
-	} else if c.IsSet("username") {
-		user, err = user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, c.String("username"))
-	} else {
-		user, err = user_model.GetUserByID(c.Int64("id"))
-	}
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if c.IsSet("username") && user.LowerName != strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(c.String("username"))) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("The user %s who has email %s does not match the provided username %s", user.Name, c.String("email"), c.String("username"))
-	}
-
-	if c.IsSet("id") && user.ID != c.Int64("id") {
-		return fmt.Errorf("The user %s does not match the provided id %d", user.Name, c.Int64("id"))
-	}
-
-	return user_service.DeleteUser(ctx, user, c.Bool("purge"))
-}
-
-func runGenerateAccessToken(c *cli.Context) error {
-	if !c.IsSet("username") {
-		return fmt.Errorf("You must provide the username to generate a token for them")
-	}
-
-	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
-	defer cancel()
-
-	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, c.String("username"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	t := &auth_model.AccessToken{
-		Name: c.String("token-name"),
-		UID:  user.ID,
-	}
-
-	if err := auth_model.NewAccessToken(t); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if c.Bool("raw") {
-		fmt.Printf("%s\n", t.Token)
-	} else {
-		fmt.Printf("Access token was successfully created: %s\n", t.Token)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
 func runRepoSyncReleases(_ *cli.Context) error {
 	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
 	defer cancel()
@ -814,6 +427,7 @@ func parseOAuth2Config(c *cli.Context) *oauth2.Source {
 			AuthURL:    c.String("custom-auth-url"),
 			ProfileURL: c.String("custom-profile-url"),
 			EmailURL:   c.String("custom-email-url"),
+			Tenant:     c.String("custom-tenant-id"),
 		}
 	} else {
 		customURLMapping = nil
@ -923,6 +537,7 @@ func runUpdateOauth(c *cli.Context) error {
 		customURLMapping.AuthURL = oAuth2Config.CustomURLMapping.AuthURL
 		customURLMapping.ProfileURL = oAuth2Config.CustomURLMapping.ProfileURL
 		customURLMapping.EmailURL = oAuth2Config.CustomURLMapping.EmailURL
+		customURLMapping.Tenant = oAuth2Config.CustomURLMapping.Tenant
 	}
 	if c.IsSet("use-custom-urls") && c.IsSet("custom-token-url") {
 		customURLMapping.TokenURL = c.String("custom-token-url")
@ -940,6 +555,10 @@ func runUpdateOauth(c *cli.Context) error {
 		customURLMapping.EmailURL = c.String("custom-email-url")
 	}

+	if c.IsSet("use-custom-urls") && c.IsSet("custom-tenant-id") {
+		customURLMapping.Tenant = c.String("custom-tenant-id")
+	}
+
 	oAuth2Config.CustomURLMapping = customURLMapping
 	source.Cfg = oAuth2Config

@ -955,8 +574,8 @@ func parseSMTPConfig(c *cli.Context, conf *smtp.Source) error {
 		}
 		conf.Auth = c.String("auth-type")
 	}
-	if c.IsSet("addr") {
-		conf.Addr = c.String("addr")
+	if c.IsSet("host") {
+		conf.Host = c.String("host")
 	}
 	if c.IsSet("port") {
 		conf.Port = c.Int("port")
--- a/cmd/admin_user.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user.go
@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"github.com/urfave/cli"
+)
+
+var subcmdUser = cli.Command{
+	Name:  "user",
+	Usage: "Modify users",
+	Subcommands: []cli.Command{
+		microcmdUserCreate,
+		microcmdUserList,
+		microcmdUserChangePassword,
+		microcmdUserDelete,
+		microcmdUserGenerateAccessToken,
+		microcmdUserMustChangePassword,
+	},
+}
--- a/cmd/admin_user_change_password.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user_change_password.go
@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	pwd "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/auth/password"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
+
+	"github.com/urfave/cli"
+)
+
+var microcmdUserChangePassword = cli.Command{
+	Name:   "change-password",
+	Usage:  "Change a user's password",
+	Action: runChangePassword,
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:  "username,u",
+			Value: "",
+			Usage: "The user to change password for",
+		},
+		cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:  "password,p",
+			Value: "",
+			Usage: "New password to set for user",
+		},
+	},
+}
+
+func runChangePassword(c *cli.Context) error {
+	if err := argsSet(c, "username", "password"); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
+	defer cancel()
+
+	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(c.String("password")) < setting.MinPasswordLength {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Password is not long enough. Needs to be at least %d", setting.MinPasswordLength)
+	}
+
+	if !pwd.IsComplexEnough(c.String("password")) {
+		return errors.New("Password does not meet complexity requirements")
+	}
+	pwned, err := pwd.IsPwned(context.Background(), c.String("password"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if pwned {
+		return errors.New("The password you chose is on a list of stolen passwords previously exposed in public data breaches. Please try again with a different password.\nFor more details, see https://haveibeenpwned.com/Passwords")
+	}
+	uname := c.String("username")
+	user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, uname)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err = user.SetPassword(c.String("password")); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err = user_model.UpdateUserCols(ctx, user, "passwd", "passwd_hash_algo", "salt"); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("%s's password has been successfully updated!\n", user.Name)
+	return nil
+}
--- a/cmd/admin_user_create.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user_create.go
@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	auth_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth"
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	pwd "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/auth/password"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
+
+	"github.com/urfave/cli"
+)
+
+var microcmdUserCreate = cli.Command{
+	Name:   "create",
+	Usage:  "Create a new user in database",
+	Action: runCreateUser,
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:  "name",
+			Usage: "Username. DEPRECATED: use username instead",
+		},
+		cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:  "username",
+			Usage: "Username",
+		},
+		cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:  "password",
+			Usage: "User password",
+		},
+		cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:  "email",
+			Usage: "User email address",
+		},
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "admin",
+			Usage: "User is an admin",
+		},
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "random-password",
+			Usage: "Generate a random password for the user",
+		},
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "must-change-password",
+			Usage: "Set this option to false to prevent forcing the user to change their password after initial login, (Default: true)",
+		},
+		cli.IntFlag{
+			Name:  "random-password-length",
+			Usage: "Length of the random password to be generated",
+			Value: 12,
+		},
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "access-token",
+			Usage: "Generate access token for the user",
+		},
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "restricted",
+			Usage: "Make a restricted user account",
+		},
+	},
+}
+
+func runCreateUser(c *cli.Context) error {
+	if err := argsSet(c, "email"); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if c.IsSet("name") && c.IsSet("username") {
+		return errors.New("Cannot set both --name and --username flags")
+	}
+	if !c.IsSet("name") && !c.IsSet("username") {
+		return errors.New("One of --name or --username flags must be set")
+	}
+
+	if c.IsSet("password") && c.IsSet("random-password") {
+		return errors.New("cannot set both -random-password and -password flags")
+	}
+
+	var username string
+	if c.IsSet("username") {
+		username = c.String("username")
+	} else {
+		username = c.String("name")
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "--name flag is deprecated. Use --username instead.\n")
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
+	defer cancel()
+
+	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var password string
+	if c.IsSet("password") {
+		password = c.String("password")
+	} else if c.IsSet("random-password") {
+		var err error
+		password, err = pwd.Generate(c.Int("random-password-length"))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("generated random password is '%s'\n", password)
+	} else {
+		return errors.New("must set either password or random-password flag")
+	}
+
+	// always default to true
+	changePassword := true
+
+	// If this is the first user being created.
+	// Take it as the admin and don't force a password update.
+	if n := user_model.CountUsers(nil); n == 0 {
+		changePassword = false
+	}
+
+	if c.IsSet("must-change-password") {
+		changePassword = c.Bool("must-change-password")
+	}
+
+	restricted := util.OptionalBoolNone
+
+	if c.IsSet("restricted") {
+		restricted = util.OptionalBoolOf(c.Bool("restricted"))
+	}
+
+	// default user visibility in app.ini
+	visibility := setting.Service.DefaultUserVisibilityMode
+
+	u := &user_model.User{
+		Name:               username,
+		Email:              c.String("email"),
+		Passwd:             password,
+		IsAdmin:            c.Bool("admin"),
+		MustChangePassword: changePassword,
+		Visibility:         visibility,
+	}
+
+	overwriteDefault := &user_model.CreateUserOverwriteOptions{
+		IsActive:     util.OptionalBoolTrue,
+		IsRestricted: restricted,
+	}
+
+	if err := user_model.CreateUser(u, overwriteDefault); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("CreateUser: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if c.Bool("access-token") {
+		t := &auth_model.AccessToken{
+			Name: "gitea-admin",
+			UID:  u.ID,
+		}
+
+		if err := auth_model.NewAccessToken(t); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("Access token was successfully created... %s\n", t.Token)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("New user '%s' has been successfully created!\n", username)
+	return nil
+}
--- a/cmd/admin_user_delete.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user_delete.go
@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/storage"
+	user_service "code.gitea.io/gitea/services/user"
+
+	"github.com/urfave/cli"
+)
+
+var microcmdUserDelete = cli.Command{
+	Name:  "delete",
+	Usage: "Delete specific user by id, name or email",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		cli.Int64Flag{
+			Name:  "id",
+			Usage: "ID of user of the user to delete",
+		},
+		cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:  "username,u",
+			Usage: "Username of the user to delete",
+		},
+		cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:  "email,e",
+			Usage: "Email of the user to delete",
+		},
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "purge",
+			Usage: "Purge user, all their repositories, organizations and comments",
+		},
+	},
+	Action: runDeleteUser,
+}
+
+func runDeleteUser(c *cli.Context) error {
+	if !c.IsSet("id") && !c.IsSet("username") && !c.IsSet("email") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("You must provide the id, username or email of a user to delete")
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
+	defer cancel()
+
+	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := storage.Init(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var err error
+	var user *user_model.User
+	if c.IsSet("email") {
+		user, err = user_model.GetUserByEmail(c.String("email"))
+	} else if c.IsSet("username") {
+		user, err = user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, c.String("username"))
+	} else {
+		user, err = user_model.GetUserByID(c.Int64("id"))
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if c.IsSet("username") && user.LowerName != strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(c.String("username"))) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("The user %s who has email %s does not match the provided username %s", user.Name, c.String("email"), c.String("username"))
+	}
+
+	if c.IsSet("id") && user.ID != c.Int64("id") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("The user %s does not match the provided id %d", user.Name, c.Int64("id"))
+	}
+
+	return user_service.DeleteUser(ctx, user, c.Bool("purge"))
+}
--- a/cmd/admin_user_generate_access_token.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user_generate_access_token.go
@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	auth_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth"
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+
+	"github.com/urfave/cli"
+)
+
+var microcmdUserGenerateAccessToken = cli.Command{
+	Name:  "generate-access-token",
+	Usage: "Generate an access token for a specific user",
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:  "username,u",
+			Usage: "Username",
+		},
+		cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:  "token-name,t",
+			Usage: "Token name",
+			Value: "gitea-admin",
+		},
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "raw",
+			Usage: "Display only the token value",
+		},
+	},
+	Action: runGenerateAccessToken,
+}
+
+func runGenerateAccessToken(c *cli.Context) error {
+	if !c.IsSet("username") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("You must provide a username to generate a token for")
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
+	defer cancel()
+
+	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, c.String("username"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	t := &auth_model.AccessToken{
+		Name: c.String("token-name"),
+		UID:  user.ID,
+	}
+
+	if err := auth_model.NewAccessToken(t); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if c.Bool("raw") {
+		fmt.Printf("%s\n", t.Token)
+	} else {
+		fmt.Printf("Access token was successfully created: %s\n", t.Token)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
--- a/cmd/admin_user_list.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user_list.go
@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"text/tabwriter"
+
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+
+	"github.com/urfave/cli"
+)
+
+var microcmdUserList = cli.Command{
+	Name:   "list",
+	Usage:  "List users",
+	Action: runListUsers,
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "admin",
+			Usage: "List only admin users",
+		},
+	},
+}
+
+func runListUsers(c *cli.Context) error {
+	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
+	defer cancel()
+
+	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	users, err := user_model.GetAllUsers()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	w := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 5, 0, 1, ' ', 0)
+
+	if c.IsSet("admin") {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "ID\tUsername\tEmail\tIsActive\n")
+		for _, u := range users {
+			if u.IsAdmin {
+				fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d\t%s\t%s\t%t\n", u.ID, u.Name, u.Email, u.IsActive)
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		twofa := user_model.UserList(users).GetTwoFaStatus()
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "ID\tUsername\tEmail\tIsActive\tIsAdmin\t2FA\n")
+		for _, u := range users {
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d\t%s\t%s\t%t\t%t\t%t\n", u.ID, u.Name, u.Email, u.IsActive, u.IsAdmin, twofa[u.ID])
+		}
+	}
+
+	w.Flush()
+	return nil
+}
--- a/cmd/admin_user_must_change_password.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user_must_change_password.go
@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+
+	"github.com/urfave/cli"
+)
+
+var microcmdUserMustChangePassword = cli.Command{
+	Name:   "must-change-password",
+	Usage:  "Set the must change password flag for the provided users or all users",
+	Action: runMustChangePassword,
+	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "all,A",
+			Usage: "All users must change password, except those explicitly excluded with --exclude",
+		},
+		cli.StringSliceFlag{
+			Name:  "exclude,e",
+			Usage: "Do not change the must-change-password flag for these users",
+		},
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "unset",
+			Usage: "Instead of setting the must-change-password flag, unset it",
+		},
+	},
+}
+
+func runMustChangePassword(c *cli.Context) error {
+	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
+	defer cancel()
+
+	if c.NArg() == 0 && !c.IsSet("all") {
+		return errors.New("either usernames or --all must be provided")
+	}
+
+	mustChangePassword := !c.Bool("unset")
+	all := c.Bool("all")
+	exclude := c.StringSlice("exclude")
+
+	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	n, err := user_model.SetMustChangePassword(ctx, all, mustChangePassword, c.Args(), exclude)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Updated %d users setting MustChangePassword to %t\n", n, mustChangePassword)
+	return nil
+}
--- a/cmd/serv.go
+++ b/cmd/serv.go
@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@ -290,17 +291,21 @@ func runServ(c *cli.Context) error {
 		return nil
 	}

-	// Special handle for Windows.
-	if setting.IsWindows {
-		verb = strings.Replace(verb, "-", " ", 1)
-	}
-
 	var gitcmd *exec.Cmd
-	verbs := strings.Split(verb, " ")
-	if len(verbs) == 2 {
-		gitcmd = exec.CommandContext(ctx, verbs[0], verbs[1], repoPath)
-	} else {
-		gitcmd = exec.CommandContext(ctx, verb, repoPath)
+	gitBinPath := filepath.Dir(git.GitExecutable) // e.g. /usr/bin
+	gitBinVerb := filepath.Join(gitBinPath, verb) // e.g. /usr/bin/git-upload-pack
+	if _, err := os.Stat(gitBinVerb); err != nil {
+		// if the command "git-upload-pack" doesn't exist, try to split "git-upload-pack" to use the sub-command with git
+		// ps: Windows only has "git.exe" in the bin path, so Windows always uses this way
+		verbFields := strings.SplitN(verb, "-", 2)
+		if len(verbFields) == 2 {
+			// use git binary with the sub-command part: "C:\...\bin\git.exe", "upload-pack", ...
+			gitcmd = exec.CommandContext(ctx, git.GitExecutable, verbFields[1], repoPath)
+		}
+	}
+	if gitcmd == nil {
+		// by default, use the verb (it has been checked above by allowedCommands)
+		gitcmd = exec.CommandContext(ctx, gitBinVerb, repoPath)
 	}

 	process.SetSysProcAttribute(gitcmd)
--- a/custom/conf/app.example.ini
+++ b/custom/conf/app.example.ini
@ -996,6 +996,9 @@ ROUTER = console
 ;;
 ;; Add co-authored-by and co-committed-by trailers if committer does not match author
 ;ADD_CO_COMMITTER_TRAILERS = true
+;;
+;; In addition to testing patches using the three-way merge method, re-test conflicting patches with git apply
+;TEST_CONFLICTING_PATCHES_WITH_GIT_APPLY = true

 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
@ -1550,7 +1553,7 @@ ROUTER = console
 ;; Prefix displayed before subject in mail
 ;SUBJECT_PREFIX =
 ;;
-;; Mail server protocol. One of "smtp", "smtps", "smtp+startls", "smtp+unix", "sendmail", "dummy".
+;; Mail server protocol. One of "smtp", "smtps", "smtp+starttls", "smtp+unix", "sendmail", "dummy".
 ;; - sendmail: use the operating system's `sendmail` command instead of SMTP. This is common on Linux systems.
 ;; - dummy: send email messages to the log as a testing phase.
 ;; If your provider does not explicitly say which protocol it uses but does provide a port,
--- a/docs/content/doc/advanced/config-cheat-sheet.en-us.md
+++ b/docs/content/doc/advanced/config-cheat-sheet.en-us.md
@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ Values containing `#` or `;` must be quoted using `` ` `` or `"""`.
 - `DEFAULT_MERGE_MESSAGE_OFFICIAL_APPROVERS_ONLY`: **true**: In default merge messages only include approvers who are officially allowed to review.
 - `POPULATE_SQUASH_COMMENT_WITH_COMMIT_MESSAGES`: **false**: In default squash-merge messages include the commit message of all commits comprising the pull request.
 - `ADD_CO_COMMITTER_TRAILERS`: **true**: Add co-authored-by and co-committed-by trailers to merge commit messages if committer does not match author.
+- `TEST_CONFLICTING_PATCHES_WITH_GIT_APPLY`: **true**: PR patches are tested using a three-way merge method to discover if there are conflicts. If this setting is set to **true**, conflicting patches will be retested using `git apply` - This was the previous behaviour in 1.18 (and earlier) but is somewhat inefficient. Please report if you find that this setting is required.

 ### Repository - Issue (`repository.issue`)

@ -522,7 +523,21 @@ Certain queues have defaults that override the defaults set in `[queue]` (this o
 - `IMPORT_LOCAL_PATHS`: **false**: Set to `false` to prevent all users (including admin) from importing local path on server.
 - `INTERNAL_TOKEN`: **\<random at every install if no uri set\>**: Secret used to validate communication within Gitea binary.
 - `INTERNAL_TOKEN_URI`: **<empty>**: Instead of defining INTERNAL_TOKEN in the configuration, this configuration option can be used to give Gitea a path to a file that contains the internal token (example value: `file:/etc/gitea/internal_token`)
- `PASSWORD_HASH_ALGO`: **pbkdf2**: The hash algorithm to use \[argon2, pbkdf2, scrypt, bcrypt\], argon2 will spend more memory than others.
+- `PASSWORD_HASH_ALGO`: **pbkdf2**: The hash algorithm to use \[argon2, pbkdf2, pbkdf2_v1, scrypt, bcrypt\], argon2 and scrypt will spend significant amounts of memory.
+  - Note: The default parameters for `pbkdf2` hashing have changed - the previous settings are available as `pbkdf2_v1` but are not recommended.
+  - The hash functions may be tuned by using `$` after the algorithm:
+    - `argon2$<time>$<memory>$<threads>$<key-length>`
+    - `bcrypt$<cost>`
+    - `pbkdf2$<iterations>$<key-length>`
+    - `scrypt$<n>$<r>$<p>$<key-length>`
+  - The defaults are:
+    - `argon2`:    `argon2$2$65536$8$50`
+    - `bcrypt`:    `bcrypt$10`
+    - `pbkdf2`:    `pbkdf2$320000$50`
+    - `pbkdf2_v1`: `pbkdf2$10000$50`
+    - `pbkdf2_v2`: `pbkdf2$320000$50`
+    - `scrypt`:    `scrypt$65536$16$2$50`
+  - Adjusting the algorithm parameters using this functionality is done at your own risk.
 - `CSRF_COOKIE_HTTP_ONLY`: **true**: Set false to allow JavaScript to read CSRF cookie.
 - `MIN_PASSWORD_LENGTH`: **6**: Minimum password length for new users.
 - `PASSWORD_COMPLEXITY`: **off**: Comma separated list of character classes required to pass minimum complexity. If left empty or no valid values are specified, checking is disabled (off):
@ -672,7 +687,7 @@ and
 [Gitea 1.17 configuration document](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/blob/release/v1.17/docs/content/doc/advanced/config-cheat-sheet.en-us.md)

 - `ENABLED`: **false**: Enable to use a mail service.
- `PROTOCOL`: **\<empty\>**: Mail server protocol. One of "smtp", "smtps", "smtp+startls", "smtp+unix", "sendmail", "dummy". _Before 1.18, this was inferred from a combination of `MAILER_TYPE` and `IS_TLS_ENABLED`._
+- `PROTOCOL`: **\<empty\>**: Mail server protocol. One of "smtp", "smtps", "smtp+starttls", "smtp+unix", "sendmail", "dummy". _Before 1.18, this was inferred from a combination of `MAILER_TYPE` and `IS_TLS_ENABLED`._
  - SMTP family, if your provider does not explicitly say which protocol it uses but does provide a port, you can set SMTP_PORT instead and this will be inferred.
  - **sendmail** Use the operating system's `sendmail` command instead of SMTP. This is common on Linux systems.
  - **dummy** Send email messages to the log as a testing phase.
@ -734,9 +749,9 @@ and

 - `GRAVATAR_SOURCE`: **gravatar**: Can be `gravatar`, `duoshuo` or anything like
   `http://cn.gravatar.com/avatar/`.
- `DISABLE_GRAVATAR`: **false**: Enable this to use local avatars only.
+- `DISABLE_GRAVATAR`: **false**: Enable this to use local avatars only. **DEPRECATED [v1.18+]** moved to database. Use admin panel to configure.
 - `ENABLE_FEDERATED_AVATAR`: **false**: Enable support for federated avatars (see
-   [http://www.libravatar.org](http://www.libravatar.org)).
+   [http://www.libravatar.org](http://www.libravatar.org)). **DEPRECATED [v1.18+]** moved to database. Use admin panel to configure.

 - `AVATAR_STORAGE_TYPE`: **default**: Storage type defined in `[storage.xxx]`. Default is `default` which will read `[storage]` if no section `[storage]` will be a type `local`.
 - `AVATAR_UPLOAD_PATH`: **data/avatars**: Path to store user avatar image files.
--- a/docs/content/doc/developers/hacking-on-gitea.zh-cn.md
+++ b/docs/content/doc/developers/hacking-on-gitea.zh-cn.md
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ toc: false
 draft: false
 menu:
  sidebar:
-    parent: "advanced"
+    parent: "developers"
    name: "加入 Gitea 开源"
    weight: 10
    identifier: "hacking-on-gitea"
@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ menu:

 # Hacking on Gitea

-首先你需要一些运行环境，这和 [从源代码安装]({{< relref "from-source.zh-cn.md" >}}) 相同，如果你还没有设置好，可以先阅读那个章节。
+首先你需要一些运行环境，这和 [从源代码安装]({{< relref "doc/installation/from-source.zh-cn.md" >}}) 相同，如果你还没有设置好，可以先阅读那个章节。

 如果你想为 Gitea 贡献代码，你需要 Fork 这个项目并且以 `master` 为开发分支。Gitea 使用 Govendor
 来管理依赖，因此所有依赖项都被工具自动 copy 在 vendor 子目录下。用下面的命令来下载源码：
--- a/docs/content/doc/installation/from-binary.zh-cn.md
+++ b/docs/content/doc/installation/from-binary.zh-cn.md
@ -32,4 +32,4 @@ chmod +x gitea

 ## 需要帮助?

-如果从本页中没有找到你需要的内容，请访问 [帮助页面]({{< relref "seek-help.zh-cn.md" >}})
+如果从本页中没有找到你需要的内容，请访问 [帮助页面]({{< relref "doc/help/seek-help.zh-cn.md" >}})
--- a/docs/content/doc/installation/from-package.zh-cn.md
+++ b/docs/content/doc/installation/from-package.zh-cn.md
@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ OpenSUSE 构建服务为 [openSUSE 和 SLE](https://software.opensuse.org/downlo
 choco install gitea
 ```

-你也可以 [从二进制安装]({{< relref "from-binary.zh-cn.md" >}}) 。
+你也可以 [从二进制安装]({{< relref "doc/installation/from-binary.zh-cn.md" >}}) 。

 ## macOS

-macOS 平台下当前我们仅支持通过 `brew` 来安装。如果你没有安装 [Homebrew](http://brew.sh/)，你也可以查看 [从二进制安装]({{< relref "from-binary.zh-cn.md" >}})。在你安装了 `brew` 之后， 你可以执行以下命令：
+macOS 平台下当前我们仅支持通过 `brew` 来安装。如果你没有安装 [Homebrew](http://brew.sh/)，你也可以查看 [从二进制安装]({{< relref "doc/installation/from-binary.zh-cn.md" >}})。在你安装了 `brew` 之后， 你可以执行以下命令：

 ```
 brew tap gitea/tap https://gitea.com/gitea/homebrew-gitea
@ -105,4 +105,4 @@ make install clean

 ## 需要帮助?

-如果从本页中没有找到你需要的内容，请访问 [帮助页面]({{< relref "seek-help.zh-cn.md" >}})
+如果从本页中没有找到你需要的内容，请访问 [帮助页面]({{< relref "doc/help/seek-help.zh-cn.md" >}})
--- a/docs/content/doc/installation/from-source.zh-cn.md
+++ b/docs/content/doc/installation/from-source.zh-cn.md
@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ git checkout v{{< version >}}

 - `go` {{< min-go-version >}} 或以上版本, 详见[这里](https://golang.google.cn/doc/install)
 - `node` {{< min-node-version >}} 或以上版本，并且安装 `npm`, 详见[这里](https://nodejs.org/zh-cn/download/)
- `make`, 详见[这里]({{< relref "make.zh-cn.md" >}})</a>
+- `make`, 详见[这里]({{< relref "doc/advanced/make.zh-cn.md" >}})

 各种可用的 [make 任务](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/blob/main/Makefile)
 可以用来使编译过程更方便。
@ -104,4 +104,4 @@ CC=aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 TAGS="bindata sqlite sq

 ## 需要帮助?

-如果从本页中没有找到你需要的内容，请访问 [帮助页面]({{< relref "seek-help.zh-cn.md" >}})
+如果从本页中没有找到你需要的内容，请访问 [帮助页面]({{< relref "doc/help/seek-help.zh-cn.md" >}})
--- a/docs/content/doc/packages/pypi.en-us.md
+++ b/docs/content/doc/packages/pypi.en-us.md
@ -77,6 +77,8 @@ For example:
 pip install --index-url https://testuser:password123@gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/pypi/simple --no-deps test_package
 ```

+You can use `--extra-index-url` instead of `--index-url` but that makes you vulnerable to dependency confusion attacks because `pip` checks the official PyPi repository for the package before it checks the specified custom repository. Read the `pip` docs for more information.
+
 ## Supported commands

 ```
--- a/docs/content/doc/usage/command-line.en-us.md
+++ b/docs/content/doc/usage/command-line.en-us.md
@ -99,6 +99,13 @@ Admin operations:
        - `--password value`, `-p value`: New password. Required.
      - Examples:
        - `gitea admin user change-password --username myname --password asecurepassword`
+    - `must-change-password`:
+      - Args:
+        - `[username...]`: Users that must change their passwords
+      - Options:
+        - `--all`, `-A`: Force a password change for all users
+        - `--exclude username`, `-e username`: Exclude the given user. Can be set multiple times.
+        - `--unset`: Revoke forced password change for the given users
  - `regenerate`
    - Options:
      - `hooks`: Regenerate Git Hooks for all repositories
@ -124,6 +131,7 @@ Admin operations:
        - `--secret`: Client Secret.
        - `--auto-discover-url`: OpenID Connect Auto Discovery URL (only required when using OpenID Connect as provider).
        - `--use-custom-urls`: Use custom URLs for GitLab/GitHub OAuth endpoints.
+        - `--custom-tenant-id`: Use custom Tenant ID for OAuth endpoints.
        - `--custom-auth-url`: Use a custom Authorization URL (option for GitLab/GitHub).
        - `--custom-token-url`: Use a custom Token URL (option for GitLab/GitHub).
        - `--custom-profile-url`: Use a custom Profile URL (option for GitLab/GitHub).
@ -147,6 +155,7 @@ Admin operations:
        - `--secret`: Client Secret.
        - `--auto-discover-url`: OpenID Connect Auto Discovery URL (only required when using OpenID Connect as provider).
        - `--use-custom-urls`: Use custom URLs for GitLab/GitHub OAuth endpoints.
+        - `--custom-tenant-id`: Use custom Tenant ID for OAuth endpoints.
        - `--custom-auth-url`: Use a custom Authorization URL (option for GitLab/GitHub).
        - `--custom-token-url`: Use a custom Token URL (option for GitLab/GitHub).
        - `--custom-profile-url`: Use a custom Profile URL (option for GitLab/GitHub).
--- a/docs/content/page/index.zh-cn.md
+++ b/docs/content/page/index.zh-cn.md
@ -70,4 +70,4 @@ Gitea的首要目标是创建一个极易安装，运行非常快速，安装和

 ## 需要帮助?

-如果从本页中没有找到你需要的内容，请访问 [帮助页面]({{< relref "seek-help.zh-cn.md" >}})
+如果从本页中没有找到你需要的内容，请访问 [帮助页面]({{< relref "doc/help/seek-help.zh-cn.md" >}})
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/42wim/sshsig v0.0.0-20211121163825-841cf5bbc121
 	github.com/NYTimes/gziphandler v1.1.1
 	github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery v1.8.0
-	github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.3.0
-	github.com/blevesearch/bleve/v2 v2.3.4
+	github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.4.0
+	github.com/blevesearch/bleve/v2 v2.3.5
 	github.com/buildkite/terminal-to-html/v3 v3.7.0
 	github.com/caddyserver/certmagic v0.17.2
 	github.com/chi-middleware/proxy v1.1.1
@ -75,6 +75,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/niklasfasching/go-org v1.6.5
 	github.com/oliamb/cutter v0.2.2
 	github.com/olivere/elastic/v7 v7.0.32
+	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0
+	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.0-rc2
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1
 	github.com/pquerna/otp v1.3.0
 	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.13.0
@ -94,11 +96,11 @@ require (
 	github.com/yuin/goldmark-meta v1.1.0
 	go.jolheiser.com/hcaptcha v0.0.4
 	go.jolheiser.com/pwn v0.0.3
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220926161630-eccd6366d1be
-	golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20220927171203-f486391704dc
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.2.1-0.20221112162523-6fad3dfc1891
+	golang.org/x/net v0.2.0
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20220909003341-f21342109be1
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220928140112-f11e5e49a4ec
-	golang.org/x/text v0.3.8
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.2.0
+	golang.org/x/text v0.4.0
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.1.12
 	gopkg.in/gomail.v2 v2.0.0-20160411212932-81ebce5c23df
 	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0
@ -129,21 +131,21 @@ require (
 	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/bgentry/speakeasy v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.3.3 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/bleve_index_api v1.0.3 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/geo v0.1.14 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/bleve_index_api v1.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/geo v0.1.15 // indirect
 	github.com/blevesearch/go-porterstemmer v1.0.3 // indirect
 	github.com/blevesearch/gtreap v0.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/blevesearch/mmap-go v1.0.4 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/scorch_segment_api/v2 v2.1.2 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/scorch_segment_api/v2 v2.1.3 // indirect
 	github.com/blevesearch/segment v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/blevesearch/snowballstem v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/blevesearch/upsidedown_store_api v1.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/vellum v1.0.8 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v11 v11.3.5 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v12 v12.3.5 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v13 v13.3.5 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v14 v14.3.5 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v15 v15.3.5 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/vellum v1.0.9 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v11 v11.3.6 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v12 v12.3.6 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v13 v13.3.6 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v14 v14.3.6 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v15 v15.3.6 // indirect
 	github.com/boombuler/barcode v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/bradfitz/gomemcache v0.0.0-20190913173617-a41fca850d0b // indirect
 	github.com/census-instrumentation/opencensus-proto v0.3.0 // indirect
@ -285,6 +287,7 @@ require (
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.8.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/zap v1.23.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/mod v0.6.0-dev.0.20220419223038-86c51ed26bb4 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20220819030929-7fc1605a5dde // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20220922220347-f3bd1da661af // indirect
 	google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.7 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20220616135557-88e70c0c3a90 // indirect
@ -302,6 +305,8 @@ replace github.com/shurcooL/vfsgen => github.com/lunny/vfsgen v0.0.0-20220105142

 replace github.com/satori/go.uuid v1.2.0 => github.com/gofrs/uuid v4.2.0+incompatible

+replace github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v15 v15.3.6 => github.com/zeripath/zapx/v15 v15.3.6-alignment-fix-2
+
 exclude github.com/gofrs/uuid v3.2.0+incompatible

 exclude github.com/gofrs/uuid v4.0.0+incompatible
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@ -149,7 +149,6 @@ github.com/PuerkitoBio/purell v1.1.1/go.mod h1:c11w/QuzBsJSee3cPx9rAFu61PvFxuPbt
 github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc v0.0.0-20170810143723-de5bf2ad4578/go.mod h1:uGdkoq3SwY9Y+13GIhn11/XLaGBb4BfwItxLd5jeuXE=
 github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring v0.4.23/go.mod h1:D0gp8kJQgE1A4LQ5wFLggQEyvDi06Mq5mKs52e1TwOo=
 github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring v0.7.1/go.mod h1:jdT9ykXwHFNdJbEtxePexlFYH9LXucApeS0/+/g+p1I=
-github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring v0.9.4/go.mod h1:icnadbWcNyfEHlYdr+tDlOTih1Bf/h+rzPpv4sbomAA=
 github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring v1.2.1 h1:58/LJlg/81wfEHd5L9qsHduznOIhyv4qb1yWcSvVq9A=
 github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring v1.2.1/go.mod h1:icnadbWcNyfEHlYdr+tDlOTih1Bf/h+rzPpv4sbomAA=
 github.com/Shopify/sarama v1.19.0/go.mod h1:FVkBWblsNy7DGZRfXLU0O9RCGt5g3g3yEuWXgklEdEo=
@ -160,9 +159,10 @@ github.com/acomagu/bufpipe v1.0.3/go.mod h1:mxdxdup/WdsKVreO5GpW4+M/1CE2sMG4jeGJ
 github.com/afex/hystrix-go v0.0.0-20180502004556-fa1af6a1f4f5/go.mod h1:SkGFH1ia65gfNATL8TAiHDNxPzPdmEL5uirI2Uyuz6c=
 github.com/akavel/rsrc v0.8.0/go.mod h1:uLoCtb9J+EyAqh+26kdrTgmzRBFPGOolLWKpdxkKq+c=
 github.com/alcortesm/tgz v0.0.0-20161220082320-9c5fe88206d7/go.mod h1:6zEj6s6u/ghQa61ZWa/C2Aw3RkjiTBOix7dkqa1VLIs=
+github.com/alecthomas/assert/v2 v2.2.0 h1:f6L/b7KE2bfA+9O4FL3CM/xJccDEwPVYd5fALBiuwvw=
 github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:vf4zrexSH54oEjJ7EdB65tGNHmH3pGZmVkgTP5RHvAs=
-github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.3.0 h1:83xfxrnjv8eK+Cf8qZDzNo3PPF9IbTWHs7z28GY6D0U=
-github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:mZxeWZlxP2Dy+/8cBob2PYd8O2DwNAzave5AY7A2eQw=
+github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.4.0 h1:Loe2ZjT5x3q1bcWwemqyqEi8p11/IV/ncFCeLYDpWC4=
+github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.4.0/go.mod h1:6kHzqF5O6FUSJzBXW7fXELjb+e+7OXW4UpoPqMO7IBQ=
 github.com/alecthomas/kingpin v2.2.6+incompatible/go.mod h1:59OFYbFVLKQKq+mqrL6Rw5bR0c3ACQaawgXx0QYndlE=
 github.com/alecthomas/repr v0.0.0-20220113201626-b1b626ac65ae/go.mod h1:2kn6fqh/zIyPLmm3ugklbEi5hg5wS435eygvNfaDQL8=
 github.com/alecthomas/repr v0.1.0 h1:ENn2e1+J3k09gyj2shc0dHr/yjaWSHRlrJ4DPMevDqE=
@ -225,52 +225,47 @@ github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.3.3/go.mod h1:gIdJ4wp64HaoK2YrL1Q5/N7Y16edY
 github.com/bketelsen/crypt v0.0.3-0.20200106085610-5cbc8cc4026c/go.mod h1:MKsuJmJgSg28kpZDP6UIiPt0e0Oz0kqKNGyRaWEPv84=
 github.com/blakesmith/ar v0.0.0-20190502131153-809d4375e1fb/go.mod h1:PkYb9DJNAwrSvRx5DYA+gUcOIgTGVMNkfSCbZM8cWpI=
 github.com/blevesearch/bleve/v2 v2.0.5/go.mod h1:ZjWibgnbRX33c+vBRgla9QhPb4QOjD6fdVJ+R1Bk8LM=
-github.com/blevesearch/bleve/v2 v2.3.4 h1:SSb7/cwGzo85LWX1jchIsXM8ZiNNMX3shT5lROM63ew=
-github.com/blevesearch/bleve/v2 v2.3.4/go.mod h1:Ot0zYum8XQRfPcwhae8bZmNyYubynsoMjVvl1jPqL30=
+github.com/blevesearch/bleve/v2 v2.3.5 h1:1wuR7eB8Fk9UaCaBUfnQt5V7zIpi4VDok9ExN7Rl+/8=
+github.com/blevesearch/bleve/v2 v2.3.5/go.mod h1:FneKGHMRrCLrp4X9+iy3wlBqgM2ALucg7bp8jUuAi/s=
 github.com/blevesearch/bleve_index_api v1.0.0/go.mod h1:fiwKS0xLEm+gBRgv5mumf0dhgFr2mDgZah1pqv1c1M4=
-github.com/blevesearch/bleve_index_api v1.0.3 h1:DDSWaPXOZZJ2BB73ZTWjKxydAugjwywcqU+91AAqcAg=
 github.com/blevesearch/bleve_index_api v1.0.3/go.mod h1:fiwKS0xLEm+gBRgv5mumf0dhgFr2mDgZah1pqv1c1M4=
-github.com/blevesearch/geo v0.1.13/go.mod h1:cRIvqCdk3cgMhGeHNNe6yPzb+w56otxbfo1FBJfR2Pc=
-github.com/blevesearch/geo v0.1.14 h1:TTDpJN6l9ck/cUYbXSn4aCElNls0Whe44rcQKsB7EfU=
-github.com/blevesearch/geo v0.1.14/go.mod h1:cRIvqCdk3cgMhGeHNNe6yPzb+w56otxbfo1FBJfR2Pc=
-github.com/blevesearch/go-metrics v0.0.0-20201227073835-cf1acfcdf475/go.mod h1:9eJDeqxJ3E7WnLebQUlPD7ZjSce7AnDb9vjGmMCbD0A=
+github.com/blevesearch/bleve_index_api v1.0.4 h1:mtlzsyJjMIlDngqqB1mq8kPryUMIuEVVbRbJHOWEexU=
+github.com/blevesearch/bleve_index_api v1.0.4/go.mod h1:YXMDwaXFFXwncRS8UobWs7nvo0DmusriM1nztTlj1ms=
+github.com/blevesearch/geo v0.1.15 h1:0NybEduqE5fduFRYiUKF0uqybAIFKXYjkBdXKYn7oA4=
+github.com/blevesearch/geo v0.1.15/go.mod h1:cRIvqCdk3cgMhGeHNNe6yPzb+w56otxbfo1FBJfR2Pc=
 github.com/blevesearch/go-porterstemmer v1.0.3 h1:GtmsqID0aZdCSNiY8SkuPJ12pD4jI+DdXTAn4YRcHCo=
 github.com/blevesearch/go-porterstemmer v1.0.3/go.mod h1:angGc5Ht+k2xhJdZi511LtmxuEf0OVpvUUNrwmM1P7M=
-github.com/blevesearch/goleveldb v1.0.1/go.mod h1:WrU8ltZbIp0wAoig/MHbrPCXSOLpe79nz5lv5nqfYrQ=
 github.com/blevesearch/gtreap v0.1.1 h1:2JWigFrzDMR+42WGIN/V2p0cUvn4UP3C4Q5nmaZGW8Y=
 github.com/blevesearch/gtreap v0.1.1/go.mod h1:QaQyDRAT51sotthUWAH4Sj08awFSSWzgYICSZ3w0tYk=
 github.com/blevesearch/mmap-go v1.0.2/go.mod h1:ol2qBqYaOUsGdm7aRMRrYGgPvnwLe6Y+7LMvAB5IbSA=
 github.com/blevesearch/mmap-go v1.0.4 h1:OVhDhT5B/M1HNPpYPBKIEJaD0F3Si+CrEKULGCDPWmc=
 github.com/blevesearch/mmap-go v1.0.4/go.mod h1:EWmEAOmdAS9z/pi/+Toxu99DnsbhG1TIxUoRmJw/pSs=
 github.com/blevesearch/scorch_segment_api/v2 v2.0.1/go.mod h1:lq7yK2jQy1yQjtjTfU931aVqz7pYxEudHaDwOt1tXfU=
-github.com/blevesearch/scorch_segment_api/v2 v2.1.2 h1:TAte9VZLWda5WAVlZTTZ+GCzEHqGJb4iB2aiZSA6Iv8=
-github.com/blevesearch/scorch_segment_api/v2 v2.1.2/go.mod h1:rvoQXZGq8drq7vXbNeyiRzdEOwZkjkiYGf1822i6CRA=
+github.com/blevesearch/scorch_segment_api/v2 v2.1.3 h1:2UzpR2dR5DvSZk8tVJkcQ7D5xhoK/UBelYw8ttBHrRQ=
+github.com/blevesearch/scorch_segment_api/v2 v2.1.3/go.mod h1:eZrfp1y+lUh+DzFjUcTBUSnKGuunyFIpBIvqYVzJfvc=
 github.com/blevesearch/segment v0.9.0 h1:5lG7yBCx98or7gK2cHMKPukPZ/31Kag7nONpoBt22Ac=
 github.com/blevesearch/segment v0.9.0/go.mod h1:9PfHYUdQCgHktBgvtUOF4x+pc4/l8rdH0u5spnW85UQ=
-github.com/blevesearch/snowball v0.6.1/go.mod h1:ZF0IBg5vgpeoUhnMza2v0A/z8m1cWPlwhke08LpNusg=
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@ -361,7 +356,6 @@ github.com/couchbase/goutils v0.0.0-20201030094643-5e82bb967e67/go.mod h1:BQwMFl
 github.com/couchbase/goutils v0.0.0-20210118111533-e33d3ffb5401 h1:4KDlx3vjalrHD/EfsjCpV91HNX3JPaIqRtt83zZ7x+Y=
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@ -830,6 +824,7 @@ github.com/hashicorp/logutils v1.0.0/go.mod h1:QIAnNjmIWmVIIkWDTG1z5v++HQmx9WQRO
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@ -1179,6 +1174,10 @@ github.com/onsi/gomega v1.10.1/go.mod h1:iN09h71vgCQne3DLsj+A5owkum+a2tYe+TOCB1y
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@ -1487,6 +1486,8 @@ github.com/yuin/goldmark-highlighting/v2 v2.0.0-20220924101305-151362477c87/go.m
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@ -1608,8 +1609,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220214200702-86341886e292/go.mod h1:IxCIyHEi3zRg3s0
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220315160706-3147a52a75dd/go.mod h1:IxCIyHEi3zRg3s0A5j5BB6A9Jmi73HwBIUl50j+osU4=
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@ -1721,8 +1722,8 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20220425223048-2871e0cb64e4/go.mod h1:CfG3xpIq0wQ8r1q4Su
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@ -1762,7 +1763,8 @@ golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20201020160332-67f06af15bc9/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJ
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@ -1876,13 +1878,13 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220715151400-c0bba94af5f8/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
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@ -1892,8 +1894,8 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.3.4/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
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 golang.org/x/text v0.3.6/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.7/go.mod h1:u+2+/6zg+i71rQMx5EYifcz6MCKuco9NR6JIITiCfzQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.3.8 h1:nAL+RVCQ9uMn3vJZbV+MRnydTJFPf8qqY42YiA6MrqY=
-golang.org/x/text v0.3.8/go.mod h1:E6s5w1FMmriuDzIBO73fBruAKo1PCIq6d2Q6DHfQ8WQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.4.0 h1:BrVqGRd7+k1DiOgtnFvAkoQEWQvBc25ouMJM6429SFg=
+golang.org/x/text v0.4.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20180412165947-fbb02b2291d2/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20181108054448-85acf8d2951c/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20190308202827-9d24e82272b4/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
--- a/models/activities/action.go
+++ b/models/activities/action.go
@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ func (a *Action) GetRefLink() string {
 		return a.GetRepoLink() + "/src/branch/" + util.PathEscapeSegments(strings.TrimPrefix(a.RefName, git.BranchPrefix))
 	case strings.HasPrefix(a.RefName, git.TagPrefix):
 		return a.GetRepoLink() + "/src/tag/" + util.PathEscapeSegments(strings.TrimPrefix(a.RefName, git.TagPrefix))
-	case len(a.RefName) == 40 && git.IsValidSHAPattern(a.RefName):
+	case len(a.RefName) == git.SHAFullLength && git.IsValidSHAPattern(a.RefName):
 		return a.GetRepoLink() + "/src/commit/" + a.RefName
 	default:
 		// FIXME: we will just assume it's a branch - this was the old way - at some point we may want to enforce that there is always a ref here.
--- a/models/activities/notification.go
+++ b/models/activities/notification.go
@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ func CreateRepoTransferNotification(doer, newOwner *user_model.User, repo *repo_
 		}
 		for i := range users {
 			notify = append(notify, &Notification{
-				UserID:    users[i].ID,
+				UserID:    i,
 				RepoID:    repo.ID,
 				Status:    NotificationStatusUnread,
 				UpdatedBy: doer.ID,
--- a/models/asymkey/gpg_key.go
+++ b/models/asymkey/gpg_key.go
@ -68,8 +68,16 @@ func (key *GPGKey) PaddedKeyID() string {
 	if len(key.KeyID) > 15 {
 		return key.KeyID
 	}
+	return PaddedKeyID(key.KeyID)
+}
+
+// PaddedKeyID show KeyID padded to 16 characters
+func PaddedKeyID(keyID string) string {
+	if len(keyID) > 15 {
+		return keyID
+	}
 	zeros := "0000000000000000"
-	return zeros[0:16-len(key.KeyID)] + key.KeyID
+	return zeros[0:16-len(keyID)] + keyID
 }

 // ListGPGKeys returns a list of public keys belongs to given user.
--- a/models/avatars/avatar.go
+++ b/models/avatars/avatar.go
@ -20,8 +20,12 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 )

-// DefaultAvatarPixelSize is the default size in pixels of a rendered avatar
-const DefaultAvatarPixelSize = 28
+const (
+	// DefaultAvatarClass is the default class of a rendered avatar
+	DefaultAvatarClass = "ui avatar vm"
+	// DefaultAvatarPixelSize is the default size in pixels of a rendered avatar
+	DefaultAvatarPixelSize = 28
+)

 // EmailHash represents a pre-generated hash map (mainly used by LibravatarURL, it queries email server's DNS records)
 type EmailHash struct {
@ -150,10 +154,10 @@ func generateEmailAvatarLink(email string, size int, final bool) string {
 		return DefaultAvatarLink()
 	}

-	enableFederatedAvatar, _ := system_model.GetSetting(system_model.KeyPictureEnableFederatedAvatar)
+	enableFederatedAvatar := system_model.GetSettingBool(system_model.KeyPictureEnableFederatedAvatar)

 	var err error
-	if enableFederatedAvatar != nil && enableFederatedAvatar.GetValueBool() && system_model.LibravatarService != nil {
+	if enableFederatedAvatar && system_model.LibravatarService != nil {
 		emailHash := saveEmailHash(email)
 		if final {
 			// for final link, we can spend more time on slow external query
@ -171,8 +175,8 @@ func generateEmailAvatarLink(email string, size int, final bool) string {
 		return urlStr
 	}

-	disableGravatar, _ := system_model.GetSetting(system_model.KeyPictureDisableGravatar)
-	if disableGravatar != nil && !disableGravatar.GetValueBool() {
+	disableGravatar := system_model.GetSettingBool(system_model.KeyPictureDisableGravatar)
+	if !disableGravatar {
 		// copy GravatarSourceURL, because we will modify its Path.
 		avatarURLCopy := *system_model.GravatarSourceURL
 		avatarURLCopy.Path = path.Join(avatarURLCopy.Path, HashEmail(email))
--- a/models/db/context.go
+++ b/models/db/context.go
@ -24,8 +24,10 @@ type contextKey struct {
 }

 // enginedContextKey is a context key. It is used with context.Value() to get the current Engined for the context
-var enginedContextKey = &contextKey{"engined"}
-var _ Engined = &Context{}
+var (
+	enginedContextKey         = &contextKey{"engined"}
+	_                 Engined = &Context{}
+)

 // Context represents a db context
 type Context struct {
--- a/models/db/index.go
+++ b/models/db/index.go
@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 )

 // ResourceIndex represents a resource index which could be used as issue/release and others
@ -24,11 +27,6 @@ var (
 	ErrGetResourceIndexFailed = errors.New("get resource index failed")
 )

-const (
-	// MaxDupIndexAttempts max retry times to create index
-	MaxDupIndexAttempts = 3
-)
-
 // SyncMaxResourceIndex sync the max index with the resource
 func SyncMaxResourceIndex(ctx context.Context, tableName string, groupID, maxIndex int64) (err error) {
 	e := GetEngine(ctx)
@ -61,8 +59,25 @@ func SyncMaxResourceIndex(ctx context.Context, tableName string, groupID, maxInd
 	return nil
 }

+func postgresGetNextResourceIndex(ctx context.Context, tableName string, groupID int64) (int64, error) {
+	res, err := GetEngine(ctx).Query(fmt.Sprintf("INSERT INTO %s (group_id, max_index) "+
+		"VALUES (?,1) ON CONFLICT (group_id) DO UPDATE SET max_index = %s.max_index+1 RETURNING max_index",
+		tableName, tableName), groupID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	if len(res) == 0 {
+		return 0, ErrGetResourceIndexFailed
+	}
+	return strconv.ParseInt(string(res[0]["max_index"]), 10, 64)
+}
+
 // GetNextResourceIndex generates a resource index, it must run in the same transaction where the resource is created
 func GetNextResourceIndex(ctx context.Context, tableName string, groupID int64) (int64, error) {
+	if setting.Database.UsePostgreSQL {
+		return postgresGetNextResourceIndex(ctx, tableName, groupID)
+	}
+
 	e := GetEngine(ctx)

 	// try to update the max_index to next value, and acquire the write-lock for the record
--- a/models/db/list_options.go
+++ b/models/db/list_options.go
@ -5,8 +5,11 @@
 package db

 import (
+	"context"
+
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"

+	"xorm.io/builder"
 	"xorm.io/xorm"
 )

@ -19,6 +22,7 @@ const (
 type Paginator interface {
 	GetSkipTake() (skip, take int)
 	GetStartEnd() (start, end int)
+	IsListAll() bool
 }

 // GetPaginatedSession creates a paginated database session
@ -45,9 +49,12 @@ func SetEnginePagination(e Engine, p Paginator) Engine {
 // ListOptions options to paginate results
 type ListOptions struct {
 	PageSize int
-	Page     int // start from 1
+	Page     int  // start from 1
+	ListAll  bool // if true, then PageSize and Page will not be taken
 }

+var _ Paginator = &ListOptions{}
+
 // GetSkipTake returns the skip and take values
 func (opts *ListOptions) GetSkipTake() (skip, take int) {
 	opts.SetDefaultValues()
@ -61,6 +68,11 @@ func (opts *ListOptions) GetStartEnd() (start, end int) {
 	return start, end
 }

+// IsListAll indicates PageSize and Page will be ignored
+func (opts *ListOptions) IsListAll() bool {
+	return opts.ListAll
+}
+
 // SetDefaultValues sets default values
 func (opts *ListOptions) SetDefaultValues() {
 	if opts.PageSize <= 0 {
@ -80,6 +92,8 @@ type AbsoluteListOptions struct {
 	take int
 }

+var _ Paginator = &AbsoluteListOptions{}
+
 // NewAbsoluteListOptions creates a list option with applied limits
 func NewAbsoluteListOptions(skip, take int) *AbsoluteListOptions {
 	if skip < 0 {
@ -94,6 +108,11 @@ func NewAbsoluteListOptions(skip, take int) *AbsoluteListOptions {
 	return &AbsoluteListOptions{skip, take}
 }

+// IsListAll will always return false
+func (opts *AbsoluteListOptions) IsListAll() bool {
+	return false
+}
+
 // GetSkipTake returns the skip and take values
 func (opts *AbsoluteListOptions) GetSkipTake() (skip, take int) {
 	return opts.skip, opts.take
@ -103,3 +122,32 @@ func (opts *AbsoluteListOptions) GetSkipTake() (skip, take int) {
 func (opts *AbsoluteListOptions) GetStartEnd() (start, end int) {
 	return opts.skip, opts.skip + opts.take
 }
+
+// FindOptions represents a find options
+type FindOptions interface {
+	Paginator
+	ToConds() builder.Cond
+}
+
+// Find represents a common find function which accept an options interface
+func Find[T any](ctx context.Context, opts FindOptions, objects *[]T) error {
+	sess := GetEngine(ctx).Where(opts.ToConds())
+	if !opts.IsListAll() {
+		sess.Limit(opts.GetSkipTake())
+	}
+	return sess.Find(&objects)
+}
+
+// Count represents a common count function which accept an options interface
+func Count[T any](ctx context.Context, opts FindOptions, object T) (int64, error) {
+	return GetEngine(ctx).Where(opts.ToConds()).Count(object)
+}
+
+// FindAndCount represents a common findandcount function which accept an options interface
+func FindAndCount[T any](ctx context.Context, opts FindOptions, objects *[]T) (int64, error) {
+	sess := GetEngine(ctx).Where(opts.ToConds())
+	if !opts.IsListAll() {
+		sess.Limit(opts.GetSkipTake())
+	}
+	return sess.FindAndCount(&objects)
+}
--- a/models/fixtures/repo_unit.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/repo_unit.yml
@ -544,3 +544,16 @@
  repo_id: 51
  type: 2
  created_unix: 946684810
+
+-
+  id: 80
+  repo_id: 31
+  type: 1
+  created_unix: 946684810
+
+-
+  id: 81
+  repo_id: 31
+  type: 3
+  config: "{\"IgnoreWhitespaceConflicts\":false,\"AllowMerge\":true,\"AllowRebase\":true,\"AllowRebaseMerge\":true,\"AllowSquash\":true}"
+  created_unix: 946684810
--- a/models/fixtures/repository.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/repository.yml
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  fork_id: 0
  is_template: false
  template_id: 0
-  size: 0
+  size: 6708
  is_fsck_enabled: true
  close_issues_via_commit_in_any_branch: false

--- a/models/fixtures/team.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/team.yml
@ -140,3 +140,14 @@
  num_members: 1
  includes_all_repositories: false
  can_create_org_repo: false
+
+-
+  id: 14
+  org_id: 3
+  lower_name: teamcreaterepo
+  name: teamCreateRepo
+  authorize: 2 # write
+  num_repos: 0
+  num_members: 1
+  includes_all_repositories: false
+  can_create_org_repo: true
--- a/models/fixtures/team_user.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/team_user.yml
@ -93,3 +93,9 @@
  org_id: 19
  team_id: 6
  uid: 31
+
+-
+  id: 17
+  org_id: 3
+  team_id: 14
+  uid: 2
--- a/models/fixtures/user.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/user.yml
@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
  email: user1@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user1
@ -45,8 +45,8 @@
  email: user2@example.com
  keep_email_private: true
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user2
@ -82,8 +82,8 @@
  email: user3@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: onmention
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user3
@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
  num_following: 0
  num_stars: 0
  num_repos: 3
-  num_teams: 4
+  num_teams: 5
  num_members: 3
  visibility: 0
  repo_admin_change_team_access: false
@ -119,8 +119,8 @@
  email: user4@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: onmention
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user4
@ -156,8 +156,8 @@
  email: user5@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user5
@ -193,8 +193,8 @@
  email: user6@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user6
@ -230,8 +230,8 @@
  email: user7@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: disabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user7
@ -267,8 +267,8 @@
  email: user8@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user8
@ -304,8 +304,8 @@
  email: user9@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: onmention
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user9
@ -341,8 +341,8 @@
  email: user10@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user10
@ -378,8 +378,8 @@
  email: user11@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user11
@ -415,8 +415,8 @@
  email: user12@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user12
@ -452,8 +452,8 @@
  email: user13@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user13
@ -489,8 +489,8 @@
  email: user14@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user14
@ -526,8 +526,8 @@
  email: user15@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user15
@ -563,8 +563,8 @@
  email: user16@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user16
@ -600,8 +600,8 @@
  email: user17@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user17
@ -637,8 +637,8 @@
  email: user18@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user18
@ -674,8 +674,8 @@
  email: user19@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user19
@ -711,8 +711,8 @@
  email: user20@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user20
@ -748,8 +748,8 @@
  email: user21@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user21
@ -785,8 +785,8 @@
  email: limited_org@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: limited_org
@ -822,8 +822,8 @@
  email: privated_org@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: privated_org
@ -859,8 +859,8 @@
  email: user24@example.com
  keep_email_private: true
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user24
@ -896,8 +896,8 @@
  email: org25@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: org25
@ -933,8 +933,8 @@
  email: org26@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: onmention
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: org26
@ -970,8 +970,8 @@
  email: user27@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user27
@ -1007,8 +1007,8 @@
  email: user28@example.com
  keep_email_private: true
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user28
@ -1044,8 +1044,8 @@
  email: user29@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user29
@ -1081,8 +1081,8 @@
  email: user30@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user30
@ -1118,8 +1118,8 @@
  email: user31@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user31
@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@
  email: user32@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: 7d93daa0d1e6f2305cc8fa496847d61dc7320bb16262f9c55dd753480207234cdd96a93194e408341971742f4701772a025a
+  passwd: 7d93daa0d1e6f2305cc8fa496847d61dc7320bb16262f9c55dd753480207234cdd96a93194e408341971742f47017
  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
@ -1192,8 +1192,8 @@
  email: user33@example.com
  keep_email_private: false
  email_notifications_preference: enabled
-  passwd: a3d5fcd92bae586c2e3dbe72daea7a0d27833a8d0227aa1704f4bbd775c1f3b03535b76dd93b0d4d8d22a519dca47df1547b
-  passwd_hash_algo: argon2
+  passwd: e82bc8ae42a53b98c3bd0f941aacc4aa2a264407534b0a11bf270137f67af912f694b67951f92148c45f91717e1478ca7889
+  passwd_hash_algo: pbkdf2$50000$50
  must_change_password: false
  login_source: 0
  login_name: user33
--- a/models/git/commit_status.go
+++ b/models/git/commit_status.go
@ -7,8 +7,10 @@ package git
 import (
 	"context"
 	"crypto/sha1"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/url"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"

@ -49,79 +51,67 @@ func init() {
 	db.RegisterModel(new(CommitStatusIndex))
 }

-// upsertCommitStatusIndex the function will not return until it acquires the lock or receives an error.
-func upsertCommitStatusIndex(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, sha string) (err error) {
-	// An atomic UPSERT operation (INSERT/UPDATE) is the only operation
-	// that ensures that the key is actually locked.
-	switch {
-	case setting.Database.UseSQLite3 || setting.Database.UsePostgreSQL:
-		_, err = db.Exec(ctx, "INSERT INTO `commit_status_index` (repo_id, sha, max_index) "+
-			"VALUES (?,?,1) ON CONFLICT (repo_id,sha) DO UPDATE SET max_index = `commit_status_index`.max_index+1",
-			repoID, sha)
-	case setting.Database.UseMySQL:
-		_, err = db.Exec(ctx, "INSERT INTO `commit_status_index` (repo_id, sha, max_index) "+
-			"VALUES (?,?,1) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE max_index = max_index+1",
-			repoID, sha)
-	case setting.Database.UseMSSQL:
-		// https://weblogs.sqlteam.com/dang/2009/01/31/upsert-race-condition-with-merge/
-		_, err = db.Exec(ctx, "MERGE `commit_status_index` WITH (HOLDLOCK) as target "+
-			"USING (SELECT ? AS repo_id, ? AS sha) AS src "+
-			"ON src.repo_id = target.repo_id AND src.sha = target.sha "+
-			"WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET target.max_index = target.max_index+1 "+
-			"WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (repo_id, sha, max_index) "+
-			"VALUES (src.repo_id, src.sha, 1);",
-			repoID, sha)
-	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("database type not supported")
+func postgresGetCommitStatusIndex(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, sha string) (int64, error) {
+	res, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Query("INSERT INTO `commit_status_index` (repo_id, sha, max_index) "+
+		"VALUES (?,?,1) ON CONFLICT (repo_id, sha) DO UPDATE SET max_index = `commit_status_index`.max_index+1 RETURNING max_index",
+		repoID, sha)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
 	}
-	return err
+	if len(res) == 0 {
+		return 0, db.ErrGetResourceIndexFailed
+	}
+	return strconv.ParseInt(string(res[0]["max_index"]), 10, 64)
 }

 // GetNextCommitStatusIndex retried 3 times to generate a resource index
-func GetNextCommitStatusIndex(repoID int64, sha string) (int64, error) {
-	for i := 0; i < db.MaxDupIndexAttempts; i++ {
-		idx, err := getNextCommitStatusIndex(repoID, sha)
-		if err == db.ErrResouceOutdated {
-			continue
-		}
+func GetNextCommitStatusIndex(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, sha string) (int64, error) {
+	if setting.Database.UsePostgreSQL {
+		return postgresGetCommitStatusIndex(ctx, repoID, sha)
+	}
+
+	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)
+
+	// try to update the max_index to next value, and acquire the write-lock for the record
+	res, err := e.Exec("UPDATE `commit_status_index` SET max_index=max_index+1 WHERE repo_id=? AND sha=?", repoID, sha)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	affected, err := res.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	if affected == 0 {
+		// this slow path is only for the first time of creating a resource index
+		_, errIns := e.Exec("INSERT INTO `commit_status_index` (repo_id, sha, max_index) VALUES (?, ?, 0)", repoID, sha)
+		res, err = e.Exec("UPDATE `commit_status_index` SET max_index=max_index+1 WHERE repo_id=? AND sha=?", repoID, sha)
 		if err != nil {
 			return 0, err
 		}
-		return idx, nil
-	}
-	return 0, db.ErrGetResourceIndexFailed
-}

-// getNextCommitStatusIndex return the next index
-func getNextCommitStatusIndex(repoID int64, sha string) (int64, error) {
-	ctx, commiter, err := db.TxContext()
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-	defer commiter.Close()
-
-	var preIdx int64
-	_, err = db.GetEngine(ctx).SQL("SELECT max_index FROM `commit_status_index` WHERE repo_id = ? AND sha = ?", repoID, sha).Get(&preIdx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
+		affected, err = res.RowsAffected()
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		// if the update still can not update any records, the record must not exist and there must be some errors (insert error)
+		if affected == 0 {
+			if errIns == nil {
+				return 0, errors.New("impossible error when GetNextCommitStatusIndex, insert and update both succeeded but no record is updated")
+			}
+			return 0, errIns
+		}
 	}

-	if err := upsertCommitStatusIndex(ctx, repoID, sha); err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-
-	var curIdx int64
-	has, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).SQL("SELECT max_index FROM `commit_status_index` WHERE repo_id = ? AND sha = ? AND max_index=?", repoID, sha, preIdx+1).Get(&curIdx)
+	// now, the new index is in database (protected by the transaction and write-lock)
+	var newIdx int64
+	has, err := e.SQL("SELECT max_index FROM `commit_status_index` WHERE repo_id=? AND sha=?", repoID, sha).Get(&newIdx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
 	if !has {
-		return 0, db.ErrResouceOutdated
+		return 0, errors.New("impossible error when GetNextCommitStatusIndex, upsert succeeded but no record can be selected")
 	}
-	if err := commiter.Commit(); err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-	return curIdx, nil
+	return newIdx, nil
 }

 func (status *CommitStatus) loadAttributes(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
@ -291,10 +281,8 @@ func NewCommitStatus(opts NewCommitStatusOptions) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("NewCommitStatus[%s, %s]: no user specified", repoPath, opts.SHA)
 	}

-	// Get the next Status Index
-	idx, err := GetNextCommitStatusIndex(opts.Repo.ID, opts.SHA)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("generate commit status index failed: %w", err)
+	if _, err := git.NewIDFromString(opts.SHA); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("NewCommitStatus[%s, %s]: invalid sha: %w", repoPath, opts.SHA, err)
 	}

 	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext()
@ -303,6 +291,12 @@ func NewCommitStatus(opts NewCommitStatusOptions) error {
 	}
 	defer committer.Close()

+	// Get the next Status Index
+	idx, err := GetNextCommitStatusIndex(ctx, opts.Repo.ID, opts.SHA)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("generate commit status index failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	opts.CommitStatus.Description = strings.TrimSpace(opts.CommitStatus.Description)
 	opts.CommitStatus.Context = strings.TrimSpace(opts.CommitStatus.Context)
 	opts.CommitStatus.TargetURL = strings.TrimSpace(opts.CommitStatus.TargetURL)
@ -316,7 +310,7 @@ func NewCommitStatus(opts NewCommitStatusOptions) error {

 	// Insert new CommitStatus
 	if _, err = db.GetEngine(ctx).Insert(opts.CommitStatus); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("Insert CommitStatus[%s, %s]: %w", repoPath, opts.SHA, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("insert CommitStatus[%s, %s]: %w", repoPath, opts.SHA, err)
 	}

 	return committer.Commit()
--- a/models/issues/comment.go
+++ b/models/issues/comment.go
@ -9,9 +9,7 @@ package issues
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
-	"strings"
 	"unicode/utf8"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
@ -23,8 +21,6 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/json"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/markup"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/markup/markdown"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/references"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
@ -697,31 +693,6 @@ func (c *Comment) LoadReview() error {
 	return c.loadReview(db.DefaultContext)
 }

-var notEnoughLines = regexp.MustCompile(`fatal: file .* has only \d+ lines?`)
-
-func (c *Comment) checkInvalidation(doer *user_model.User, repo *git.Repository, branch string) error {
-	// FIXME differentiate between previous and proposed line
-	commit, err := repo.LineBlame(branch, repo.Path, c.TreePath, uint(c.UnsignedLine()))
-	if err != nil && (strings.Contains(err.Error(), "fatal: no such path") || notEnoughLines.MatchString(err.Error())) {
-		c.Invalidated = true
-		return UpdateComment(c, doer)
-	}
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if c.CommitSHA != "" && c.CommitSHA != commit.ID.String() {
-		c.Invalidated = true
-		return UpdateComment(c, doer)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// CheckInvalidation checks if the line of code comment got changed by another commit.
-// If the line got changed the comment is going to be invalidated.
-func (c *Comment) CheckInvalidation(repo *git.Repository, doer *user_model.User, branch string) error {
-	return c.checkInvalidation(doer, repo, branch)
-}
-
 // DiffSide returns "previous" if Comment.Line is a LOC of the previous changes and "proposed" if it is a LOC of the proposed changes.
 func (c *Comment) DiffSide() string {
 	if c.Line < 0 {
@ -1065,23 +1036,28 @@ func GetCommentByID(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*Comment, error) {
 // FindCommentsOptions describes the conditions to Find comments
 type FindCommentsOptions struct {
 	db.ListOptions
-	RepoID   int64
-	IssueID  int64
-	ReviewID int64
-	Since    int64
-	Before   int64
-	Line     int64
-	TreePath string
-	Type     CommentType
+	RepoID      int64
+	IssueID     int64
+	ReviewID    int64
+	Since       int64
+	Before      int64
+	Line        int64
+	TreePath    string
+	Type        CommentType
+	IssueIDs    []int64
+	Invalidated util.OptionalBool
 }

-func (opts *FindCommentsOptions) toConds() builder.Cond {
+// ToConds implements FindOptions interface
+func (opts *FindCommentsOptions) ToConds() builder.Cond {
 	cond := builder.NewCond()
 	if opts.RepoID > 0 {
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"issue.repo_id": opts.RepoID})
 	}
 	if opts.IssueID > 0 {
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"comment.issue_id": opts.IssueID})
+	} else if len(opts.IssueIDs) > 0 {
+		cond = cond.And(builder.In("comment.issue_id", opts.IssueIDs))
 	}
 	if opts.ReviewID > 0 {
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"comment.review_id": opts.ReviewID})
@ -1101,13 +1077,16 @@ func (opts *FindCommentsOptions) toConds() builder.Cond {
 	if len(opts.TreePath) > 0 {
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"comment.tree_path": opts.TreePath})
 	}
+	if !opts.Invalidated.IsNone() {
+		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"comment.invalidated": opts.Invalidated.IsTrue()})
+	}
 	return cond
 }

 // FindComments returns all comments according options
 func FindComments(ctx context.Context, opts *FindCommentsOptions) ([]*Comment, error) {
 	comments := make([]*Comment, 0, 10)
-	sess := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where(opts.toConds())
+	sess := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where(opts.ToConds())
 	if opts.RepoID > 0 {
 		sess.Join("INNER", "issue", "issue.id = comment.issue_id")
 	}
@ -1126,13 +1105,19 @@ func FindComments(ctx context.Context, opts *FindCommentsOptions) ([]*Comment, e

 // CountComments count all comments according options by ignoring pagination
 func CountComments(opts *FindCommentsOptions) (int64, error) {
-	sess := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Where(opts.toConds())
+	sess := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Where(opts.ToConds())
 	if opts.RepoID > 0 {
 		sess.Join("INNER", "issue", "issue.id = comment.issue_id")
 	}
 	return sess.Count(&Comment{})
 }

+// UpdateCommentInvalidate updates comment invalidated column
+func UpdateCommentInvalidate(ctx context.Context, c *Comment) error {
+	_, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(c.ID).Cols("invalidated").Update(c)
+	return err
+}
+
 // UpdateComment updates information of comment.
 func UpdateComment(c *Comment, doer *user_model.User) error {
 	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext()
@ -1191,120 +1176,6 @@ func DeleteComment(ctx context.Context, comment *Comment) error {
 	return DeleteReaction(ctx, &ReactionOptions{CommentID: comment.ID})
 }

-// CodeComments represents comments on code by using this structure: FILENAME -> LINE (+ == proposed; - == previous) -> COMMENTS
-type CodeComments map[string]map[int64][]*Comment
-
-// FetchCodeComments will return a 2d-map: ["Path"]["Line"] = Comments at line
-func FetchCodeComments(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, currentUser *user_model.User) (CodeComments, error) {
-	return fetchCodeCommentsByReview(ctx, issue, currentUser, nil)
-}
-
-func fetchCodeCommentsByReview(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, currentUser *user_model.User, review *Review) (CodeComments, error) {
-	pathToLineToComment := make(CodeComments)
-	if review == nil {
-		review = &Review{ID: 0}
-	}
-	opts := FindCommentsOptions{
-		Type:     CommentTypeCode,
-		IssueID:  issue.ID,
-		ReviewID: review.ID,
-	}
-
-	comments, err := findCodeComments(ctx, opts, issue, currentUser, review)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	for _, comment := range comments {
-		if pathToLineToComment[comment.TreePath] == nil {
-			pathToLineToComment[comment.TreePath] = make(map[int64][]*Comment)
-		}
-		pathToLineToComment[comment.TreePath][comment.Line] = append(pathToLineToComment[comment.TreePath][comment.Line], comment)
-	}
-	return pathToLineToComment, nil
-}
-
-func findCodeComments(ctx context.Context, opts FindCommentsOptions, issue *Issue, currentUser *user_model.User, review *Review) ([]*Comment, error) {
-	var comments []*Comment
-	if review == nil {
-		review = &Review{ID: 0}
-	}
-	conds := opts.toConds()
-	if review.ID == 0 {
-		conds = conds.And(builder.Eq{"invalidated": false})
-	}
-	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)
-	if err := e.Where(conds).
-		Asc("comment.created_unix").
-		Asc("comment.id").
-		Find(&comments); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := CommentList(comments).loadPosters(ctx); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	// Find all reviews by ReviewID
-	reviews := make(map[int64]*Review)
-	ids := make([]int64, 0, len(comments))
-	for _, comment := range comments {
-		if comment.ReviewID != 0 {
-			ids = append(ids, comment.ReviewID)
-		}
-	}
-	if err := e.In("id", ids).Find(&reviews); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	n := 0
-	for _, comment := range comments {
-		if re, ok := reviews[comment.ReviewID]; ok && re != nil {
-			// If the review is pending only the author can see the comments (except if the review is set)
-			if review.ID == 0 && re.Type == ReviewTypePending &&
-				(currentUser == nil || currentUser.ID != re.ReviewerID) {
-				continue
-			}
-			comment.Review = re
-		}
-		comments[n] = comment
-		n++
-
-		if err := comment.LoadResolveDoer(); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		if err := comment.LoadReactions(issue.Repo); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		var err error
-		if comment.RenderedContent, err = markdown.RenderString(&markup.RenderContext{
-			Ctx:       ctx,
-			URLPrefix: issue.Repo.Link(),
-			Metas:     issue.Repo.ComposeMetas(),
-		}, comment.Content); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-	return comments[:n], nil
-}
-
-// FetchCodeCommentsByLine fetches the code comments for a given treePath and line number
-func FetchCodeCommentsByLine(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, currentUser *user_model.User, treePath string, line int64) ([]*Comment, error) {
-	opts := FindCommentsOptions{
-		Type:     CommentTypeCode,
-		IssueID:  issue.ID,
-		TreePath: treePath,
-		Line:     line,
-	}
-	return findCodeComments(ctx, opts, issue, currentUser, nil)
-}
-
 // UpdateCommentsMigrationsByType updates comments' migrations information via given git service type and original id and poster id
 func UpdateCommentsMigrationsByType(tp structs.GitServiceType, originalAuthorID string, posterID int64) error {
 	_, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Table("comment").
@ -1549,3 +1420,8 @@ func FixCommentTypeLabelWithOutsideLabels() (int64, error) {

 	return res.RowsAffected()
 }
+
+// HasOriginalAuthor returns if a comment was migrated and has an original author.
+func (c *Comment) HasOriginalAuthor() bool {
+	return c.OriginalAuthor != "" && c.OriginalAuthorID != 0
+}
--- a/models/issues/comment_code.go
+++ b/models/issues/comment_code.go
@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package issues
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/markup"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/markup/markdown"
+
+	"xorm.io/builder"
+)
+
+// CodeComments represents comments on code by using this structure: FILENAME -> LINE (+ == proposed; - == previous) -> COMMENTS
+type CodeComments map[string]map[int64][]*Comment
+
+// FetchCodeComments will return a 2d-map: ["Path"]["Line"] = Comments at line
+func FetchCodeComments(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, currentUser *user_model.User) (CodeComments, error) {
+	return fetchCodeCommentsByReview(ctx, issue, currentUser, nil)
+}
+
+func fetchCodeCommentsByReview(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, currentUser *user_model.User, review *Review) (CodeComments, error) {
+	pathToLineToComment := make(CodeComments)
+	if review == nil {
+		review = &Review{ID: 0}
+	}
+	opts := FindCommentsOptions{
+		Type:     CommentTypeCode,
+		IssueID:  issue.ID,
+		ReviewID: review.ID,
+	}
+
+	comments, err := findCodeComments(ctx, opts, issue, currentUser, review)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	for _, comment := range comments {
+		if pathToLineToComment[comment.TreePath] == nil {
+			pathToLineToComment[comment.TreePath] = make(map[int64][]*Comment)
+		}
+		pathToLineToComment[comment.TreePath][comment.Line] = append(pathToLineToComment[comment.TreePath][comment.Line], comment)
+	}
+	return pathToLineToComment, nil
+}
+
+func findCodeComments(ctx context.Context, opts FindCommentsOptions, issue *Issue, currentUser *user_model.User, review *Review) ([]*Comment, error) {
+	var comments []*Comment
+	if review == nil {
+		review = &Review{ID: 0}
+	}
+	conds := opts.ToConds()
+	if review.ID == 0 {
+		conds = conds.And(builder.Eq{"invalidated": false})
+	}
+	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)
+	if err := e.Where(conds).
+		Asc("comment.created_unix").
+		Asc("comment.id").
+		Find(&comments); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := CommentList(comments).loadPosters(ctx); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Find all reviews by ReviewID
+	reviews := make(map[int64]*Review)
+	ids := make([]int64, 0, len(comments))
+	for _, comment := range comments {
+		if comment.ReviewID != 0 {
+			ids = append(ids, comment.ReviewID)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := e.In("id", ids).Find(&reviews); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	n := 0
+	for _, comment := range comments {
+		if re, ok := reviews[comment.ReviewID]; ok && re != nil {
+			// If the review is pending only the author can see the comments (except if the review is set)
+			if review.ID == 0 && re.Type == ReviewTypePending &&
+				(currentUser == nil || currentUser.ID != re.ReviewerID) {
+				continue
+			}
+			comment.Review = re
+		}
+		comments[n] = comment
+		n++
+
+		if err := comment.LoadResolveDoer(); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		if err := comment.LoadReactions(issue.Repo); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		var err error
+		if comment.RenderedContent, err = markdown.RenderString(&markup.RenderContext{
+			Ctx:       ctx,
+			URLPrefix: issue.Repo.Link(),
+			Metas:     issue.Repo.ComposeMetas(),
+		}, comment.Content); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return comments[:n], nil
+}
+
+// FetchCodeCommentsByLine fetches the code comments for a given treePath and line number
+func FetchCodeCommentsByLine(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, currentUser *user_model.User, treePath string, line int64) ([]*Comment, error) {
+	opts := FindCommentsOptions{
+		Type:     CommentTypeCode,
+		IssueID:  issue.ID,
+		TreePath: treePath,
+		Line:     line,
+	}
+	return findCodeComments(ctx, opts, issue, currentUser, nil)
+}
--- a/models/issues/issue.go
+++ b/models/issues/issue.go
@ -1010,12 +1010,7 @@ func NewIssueWithIndex(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, opts NewIssue
 		}
 	}

-	if opts.IsPull {
-		_, err = e.Exec("UPDATE `repository` SET num_pulls = num_pulls + 1 WHERE id = ?", opts.Issue.RepoID)
-	} else {
-		_, err = e.Exec("UPDATE `repository` SET num_issues = num_issues + 1 WHERE id = ?", opts.Issue.RepoID)
-	}
-	if err != nil {
+	if err := repo_model.UpdateRepoIssueNumbers(ctx, opts.Issue.RepoID, opts.IsPull, false); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

@ -2471,3 +2466,8 @@ func DeleteOrphanedIssues() error {
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+// HasOriginalAuthor returns if an issue was migrated and has an original author.
+func (issue *Issue) HasOriginalAuthor() bool {
+	return issue.OriginalAuthor != "" && issue.OriginalAuthorID != 0
+}
--- a/models/issues/label.go
+++ b/models/issues/label.go
@ -755,7 +755,7 @@ func CountOrphanedLabels() (int64, error) {
 	norepo, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Table("label").
 		Where(builder.And(
 			builder.Gt{"repo_id": 0},
-			builder.NotIn("repo_id", builder.Select("id").From("repository")),
+			builder.NotIn("repo_id", builder.Select("id").From("`repository`")),
 		)).
 		Count()
 	if err != nil {
@ -765,7 +765,7 @@ func CountOrphanedLabels() (int64, error) {
 	noorg, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Table("label").
 		Where(builder.And(
 			builder.Gt{"org_id": 0},
-			builder.NotIn("org_id", builder.Select("id").From("user")),
+			builder.NotIn("org_id", builder.Select("id").From("`user`")),
 		)).
 		Count()
 	if err != nil {
@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ func DeleteOrphanedLabels() error {
 	if _, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).
 		Where(builder.And(
 			builder.Gt{"repo_id": 0},
-			builder.NotIn("repo_id", builder.Select("id").From("repository")),
+			builder.NotIn("repo_id", builder.Select("id").From("`repository`")),
 		)).
 		Delete(Label{}); err != nil {
 		return err
@ -796,7 +796,7 @@ func DeleteOrphanedLabels() error {
 	if _, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).
 		Where(builder.And(
 			builder.Gt{"org_id": 0},
-			builder.NotIn("org_id", builder.Select("id").From("user")),
+			builder.NotIn("org_id", builder.Select("id").From("`user`")),
 		)).
 		Delete(Label{}); err != nil {
 		return err
--- a/models/issues/pull.go
+++ b/models/issues/pull.go
@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
@ -133,6 +134,27 @@ const (
 	PullRequestStatusAncestor
 )

+func (status PullRequestStatus) String() string {
+	switch status {
+	case PullRequestStatusConflict:
+		return "CONFLICT"
+	case PullRequestStatusChecking:
+		return "CHECKING"
+	case PullRequestStatusMergeable:
+		return "MERGEABLE"
+	case PullRequestStatusManuallyMerged:
+		return "MANUALLY_MERGED"
+	case PullRequestStatusError:
+		return "ERROR"
+	case PullRequestStatusEmpty:
+		return "EMPTY"
+	case PullRequestStatusAncestor:
+		return "ANCESTOR"
+	default:
+		return strconv.Itoa(int(status))
+	}
+}
+
 // PullRequestFlow the flow of pull request
 type PullRequestFlow int

@ -204,6 +226,42 @@ func DeletePullsByBaseRepoID(ctx context.Context, repoID int64) error {
 	return err
 }

+// ColorFormat writes a colored string to identify this struct
+func (pr *PullRequest) ColorFormat(s fmt.State) {
+	if pr == nil {
+		log.ColorFprintf(s, "PR[%d]%s#%d[%s...%s:%s]",
+			log.NewColoredIDValue(0),
+			log.NewColoredValue("<nil>/<nil>"),
+			log.NewColoredIDValue(0),
+			log.NewColoredValue("<nil>"),
+			log.NewColoredValue("<nil>/<nil>"),
+			log.NewColoredValue("<nil>"),
+		)
+		return
+	}
+
+	log.ColorFprintf(s, "PR[%d]", log.NewColoredIDValue(pr.ID))
+	if pr.BaseRepo != nil {
+		log.ColorFprintf(s, "%s#%d[%s...", log.NewColoredValue(pr.BaseRepo.FullName()),
+			log.NewColoredIDValue(pr.Index), log.NewColoredValue(pr.BaseBranch))
+	} else {
+		log.ColorFprintf(s, "Repo[%d]#%d[%s...", log.NewColoredIDValue(pr.BaseRepoID),
+			log.NewColoredIDValue(pr.Index), log.NewColoredValue(pr.BaseBranch))
+	}
+	if pr.HeadRepoID == pr.BaseRepoID {
+		log.ColorFprintf(s, "%s]", log.NewColoredValue(pr.HeadBranch))
+	} else if pr.HeadRepo != nil {
+		log.ColorFprintf(s, "%s:%s]", log.NewColoredValue(pr.HeadRepo.FullName()), log.NewColoredValue(pr.HeadBranch))
+	} else {
+		log.ColorFprintf(s, "Repo[%d]:%s]", log.NewColoredIDValue(pr.HeadRepoID), log.NewColoredValue(pr.HeadBranch))
+	}
+}
+
+// String represents the pr as a simple string
+func (pr *PullRequest) String() string {
+	return log.ColorFormatAsString(pr)
+}
+
 // MustHeadUserName returns the HeadRepo's username if failed return blank
 func (pr *PullRequest) MustHeadUserName() string {
 	if err := pr.LoadHeadRepo(); err != nil {
@ -255,7 +313,7 @@ func (pr *PullRequest) LoadHeadRepoCtx(ctx context.Context) (err error) {

 		pr.HeadRepo, err = repo_model.GetRepositoryByIDCtx(ctx, pr.HeadRepoID)
 		if err != nil && !repo_model.IsErrRepoNotExist(err) { // Head repo maybe deleted, but it should still work
-			return fmt.Errorf("getRepositoryByID(head): %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("pr[%d].LoadHeadRepo[%d]: %w", pr.ID, pr.HeadRepoID, err)
 		}
 		pr.isHeadRepoLoaded = true
 	}
@ -290,7 +348,7 @@ func (pr *PullRequest) LoadBaseRepoCtx(ctx context.Context) (err error) {

 	pr.BaseRepo, err = repo_model.GetRepositoryByIDCtx(ctx, pr.BaseRepoID)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("repo_model.GetRepositoryByID(base): %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("pr[%d].LoadBaseRepo[%d]: %w", pr.ID, pr.BaseRepoID, err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
--- a/models/issues/pull_list.go
+++ b/models/issues/pull_list.go
@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unit"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/base"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"

 	"xorm.io/xorm"
@ -53,13 +52,16 @@ func listPullRequestStatement(baseRepoID int64, opts *PullRequestsOptions) (*xor

 // GetUnmergedPullRequestsByHeadInfo returns all pull requests that are open and has not been merged
 // by given head information (repo and branch).
-func GetUnmergedPullRequestsByHeadInfo(repoID int64, branch string) ([]*PullRequest, error) {
+// arg `includeClosed` controls whether the SQL returns closed PRs
+func GetUnmergedPullRequestsByHeadInfo(repoID int64, branch string, includeClosed bool) ([]*PullRequest, error) {
 	prs := make([]*PullRequest, 0, 2)
-	return prs, db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).
-		Where("head_repo_id = ? AND head_branch = ? AND has_merged = ? AND issue.is_closed = ? AND flow = ?",
-			repoID, branch, false, false, PullRequestFlowGithub).
+	sess := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).
 		Join("INNER", "issue", "issue.id = pull_request.issue_id").
-		Find(&prs)
+		Where("head_repo_id = ? AND head_branch = ? AND has_merged = ? AND flow = ?", repoID, branch, false, PullRequestFlowGithub)
+	if !includeClosed {
+		sess.Where("issue.is_closed = ?", false)
+	}
+	return prs, sess.Find(&prs)
 }

 // CanMaintainerWriteToBranch check whether user is a maintainer and could write to the branch
@ -72,7 +74,7 @@ func CanMaintainerWriteToBranch(p access_model.Permission, branch string, user *
 		return false
 	}

-	prs, err := GetUnmergedPullRequestsByHeadInfo(p.Units[0].RepoID, branch)
+	prs, err := GetUnmergedPullRequestsByHeadInfo(p.Units[0].RepoID, branch, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false
 	}
@ -162,7 +164,7 @@ func (prs PullRequestList) loadAttributes(ctx context.Context) error {
 	}

 	// Load issues.
-	issueIDs := prs.getIssueIDs()
+	issueIDs := prs.GetIssueIDs()
 	issues := make([]*Issue, 0, len(issueIDs))
 	if err := db.GetEngine(ctx).
 		Where("id > 0").
@ -181,7 +183,8 @@ func (prs PullRequestList) loadAttributes(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return nil
 }

-func (prs PullRequestList) getIssueIDs() []int64 {
+// GetIssueIDs returns all issue ids
+func (prs PullRequestList) GetIssueIDs() []int64 {
 	issueIDs := make([]int64, 0, len(prs))
 	for i := range prs {
 		issueIDs = append(issueIDs, prs[i].IssueID)
@ -193,24 +196,3 @@ func (prs PullRequestList) getIssueIDs() []int64 {
 func (prs PullRequestList) LoadAttributes() error {
 	return prs.loadAttributes(db.DefaultContext)
 }
-
-// InvalidateCodeComments will lookup the prs for code comments which got invalidated by change
-func (prs PullRequestList) InvalidateCodeComments(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, repo *git.Repository, branch string) error {
-	if len(prs) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	issueIDs := prs.getIssueIDs()
-	var codeComments []*Comment
-	if err := db.GetEngine(ctx).
-		Where("type = ? and invalidated = ?", CommentTypeCode, false).
-		In("issue_id", issueIDs).
-		Find(&codeComments); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("find code comments: %w", err)
-	}
-	for _, comment := range codeComments {
-		if err := comment.CheckInvalidation(repo, doer, branch); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
--- a/models/issues/pull_test.go
+++ b/models/issues/pull_test.go
@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ func TestHasUnmergedPullRequestsByHeadInfo(t *testing.T) {

 func TestGetUnmergedPullRequestsByHeadInfo(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
-	prs, err := issues_model.GetUnmergedPullRequestsByHeadInfo(1, "branch2")
+	prs, err := issues_model.GetUnmergedPullRequestsByHeadInfo(1, "branch2", false)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Len(t, prs, 1)
 	for _, pr := range prs {
--- a/models/issues/review.go
+++ b/models/issues/review.go
@ -742,17 +742,9 @@ func RemoveReviewRequest(issue *Issue, reviewer, doer *user_model.User) (*Commen
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	} else if official {
-		// recalculate the latest official review for reviewer
-		review, err := GetReviewByIssueIDAndUserID(ctx, issue.ID, reviewer.ID)
-		if err != nil && !IsErrReviewNotExist(err) {
+		if err := restoreLatestOfficialReview(ctx, issue.ID, reviewer.ID); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-
-		if review != nil {
-			if _, err := db.Exec(ctx, "UPDATE `review` SET official=? WHERE id=?", true, review.ID); err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-		}
 	}

 	comment, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
@ -770,6 +762,22 @@ func RemoveReviewRequest(issue *Issue, reviewer, doer *user_model.User) (*Commen
 	return comment, committer.Commit()
 }

+// Recalculate the latest official review for reviewer
+func restoreLatestOfficialReview(ctx context.Context, issueID, reviewerID int64) error {
+	review, err := GetReviewByIssueIDAndUserID(ctx, issueID, reviewerID)
+	if err != nil && !IsErrReviewNotExist(err) {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if review != nil {
+		if _, err := db.Exec(ctx, "UPDATE `review` SET official=? WHERE id=?", true, review.ID); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 // AddTeamReviewRequest add a review request from one team
 func AddTeamReviewRequest(issue *Issue, reviewer *organization.Team, doer *user_model.User) (*Comment, error) {
 	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext()
@ -970,7 +978,7 @@ func DeleteReview(r *Review) error {
 		ReviewID: r.ID,
 	}

-	if _, err := sess.Where(opts.toConds()).Delete(new(Comment)); err != nil {
+	if _, err := sess.Where(opts.ToConds()).Delete(new(Comment)); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

@ -980,7 +988,7 @@ func DeleteReview(r *Review) error {
 		ReviewID: r.ID,
 	}

-	if _, err := sess.Where(opts.toConds()).Delete(new(Comment)); err != nil {
+	if _, err := sess.Where(opts.ToConds()).Delete(new(Comment)); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

@ -988,6 +996,12 @@ func DeleteReview(r *Review) error {
 		return err
 	}

+	if r.Official {
+		if err := restoreLatestOfficialReview(ctx, r.IssueID, r.ReviewerID); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
 	return committer.Commit()
 }

@ -998,7 +1012,7 @@ func (r *Review) GetCodeCommentsCount() int {
 		IssueID:  r.IssueID,
 		ReviewID: r.ID,
 	}
-	conds := opts.toConds()
+	conds := opts.ToConds()
 	if r.ID == 0 {
 		conds = conds.And(builder.Eq{"invalidated": false})
 	}
@ -1018,7 +1032,7 @@ func (r *Review) HTMLURL() string {
 		ReviewID: r.ID,
 	}
 	comment := new(Comment)
-	has, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Where(opts.toConds()).Get(comment)
+	has, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Where(opts.ToConds()).Get(comment)
 	if err != nil || !has {
 		return ""
 	}
--- a/models/issues/review_test.go
+++ b/models/issues/review_test.go
@ -201,3 +201,38 @@ func TestDismissReview(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.False(t, requestReviewExample.Dismissed)
 	assert.True(t, approveReviewExample.Dismissed)
 }
+
+func TestDeleteReview(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+
+	issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{ID: 2})
+	user := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 1})
+
+	review1, err := issues_model.CreateReview(db.DefaultContext, issues_model.CreateReviewOptions{
+		Content:  "Official rejection",
+		Type:     issues_model.ReviewTypeReject,
+		Official: false,
+		Issue:    issue,
+		Reviewer: user,
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	review2, err := issues_model.CreateReview(db.DefaultContext, issues_model.CreateReviewOptions{
+		Content:  "Official approval",
+		Type:     issues_model.ReviewTypeApprove,
+		Official: true,
+		Issue:    issue,
+		Reviewer: user,
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.NoError(t, issues_model.DeleteReview(review2))
+
+	_, err = issues_model.GetReviewByID(db.DefaultContext, review2.ID)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, issues_model.IsErrReviewNotExist(err), "IsErrReviewNotExist")
+
+	review1, err = issues_model.GetReviewByID(db.DefaultContext, review1.ID)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, review1.Official)
+}
--- a/models/issues/tracked_time.go
+++ b/models/issues/tracked_time.go
@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package issues

 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"time"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
@ -47,33 +48,42 @@ func (t *TrackedTime) LoadAttributes() (err error) {
 }

 func (t *TrackedTime) loadAttributes(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
+	// Load the issue
 	if t.Issue == nil {
 		t.Issue, err = GetIssueByID(ctx, t.IssueID)
-		if err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-		err = t.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx)
-		if err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-	}
-	if t.User == nil {
-		t.User, err = user_model.GetUserByIDCtx(ctx, t.UserID)
-		if err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-	}
-	return err
-}

-// LoadAttributes load Issue, User
-func (tl TrackedTimeList) LoadAttributes() (err error) {
-	for _, t := range tl {
-		if err = t.LoadAttributes(); err != nil {
+		if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
-	return err
+	// Now load the repo for the issue (which we may have just loaded)
+	if t.Issue != nil {
+		err = t.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx)
+		if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	// Load the user
+	if t.User == nil {
+		t.User, err = user_model.GetUserByIDCtx(ctx, t.UserID)
+		if err != nil {
+			if !errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
+				return err
+			}
+			t.User = user_model.NewGhostUser()
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// LoadAttributes load Issue, User
+func (tl TrackedTimeList) LoadAttributes() error {
+	for _, t := range tl {
+		if err := t.LoadAttributes(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
 }

 // FindTrackedTimesOptions represent the filters for tracked times. If an ID is 0 it will be ignored.
--- a/models/migrations/migrations.go
+++ b/models/migrations/migrations.go
@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"regexp"
 	"strings"

+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"

@ -513,6 +514,13 @@ Please try upgrading to a lower version first (suggested v1.6.4), then upgrade t
 		return nil
 	}

+	// Some migration tasks depend on the git command
+	if git.DefaultContext == nil {
+		if err = git.InitSimple(context.Background()); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Migrate
 	for i, m := range migrations[v-minDBVersion:] {
 		log.Info("Migration[%d]: %s", v+int64(i), m.Description())
--- a/models/organization/org.go
+++ b/models/organization/org.go
@ -396,13 +396,14 @@ func (org *Organization) GetOrgUserMaxAuthorizeLevel(uid int64) (perm.AccessMode
 }

 // GetUsersWhoCanCreateOrgRepo returns users which are able to create repo in organization
-func GetUsersWhoCanCreateOrgRepo(ctx context.Context, orgID int64) ([]*user_model.User, error) {
-	users := make([]*user_model.User, 0, 10)
+func GetUsersWhoCanCreateOrgRepo(ctx context.Context, orgID int64) (map[int64]*user_model.User, error) {
+	// Use a map, in order to de-duplicate users.
+	users := make(map[int64]*user_model.User)
 	return users, db.GetEngine(ctx).
 		Join("INNER", "`team_user`", "`team_user`.uid=`user`.id").
 		Join("INNER", "`team`", "`team`.id=`team_user`.team_id").
 		Where(builder.Eq{"team.can_create_org_repo": true}.Or(builder.Eq{"team.authorize": perm.AccessModeOwner})).
-		And("team_user.org_id = ?", orgID).Asc("`user`.name").Find(&users)
+		And("team_user.org_id = ?", orgID).Find(&users)
 }

 // SearchOrganizationsOptions options to filter organizations
@ -458,8 +459,9 @@ func CountOrgs(opts FindOrgOptions) (int64, error) {

 // HasOrgOrUserVisible tells if the given user can see the given org or user
 func HasOrgOrUserVisible(ctx context.Context, orgOrUser, user *user_model.User) bool {
-	// Not SignedUser
-	if user == nil {
+	// If user is nil, it's an anonymous user/request.
+	// The Ghost user is handled like an anonymous user.
+	if user == nil || user.IsGhost() {
 		return orgOrUser.Visibility == structs.VisibleTypePublic
 	}

--- a/models/organization/org_test.go
+++ b/models/organization/org_test.go
@ -92,11 +92,12 @@ func TestUser_GetTeams(t *testing.T) {
 	org := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &organization.Organization{ID: 3})
 	teams, err := org.LoadTeams()
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	if assert.Len(t, teams, 4) {
+	if assert.Len(t, teams, 5) {
 		assert.Equal(t, int64(1), teams[0].ID)
 		assert.Equal(t, int64(2), teams[1].ID)
 		assert.Equal(t, int64(12), teams[2].ID)
-		assert.Equal(t, int64(7), teams[3].ID)
+		assert.Equal(t, int64(14), teams[3].ID)
+		assert.Equal(t, int64(7), teams[4].ID)
 	}
 }

@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ func TestUser_GetUserTeamIDs(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		assert.Equal(t, expected, teamIDs)
 	}
-	testSuccess(2, []int64{1, 2})
+	testSuccess(2, []int64{1, 2, 14})
 	testSuccess(4, []int64{2})
 	testSuccess(unittest.NonexistentID, []int64{})
 }
@ -448,7 +449,7 @@ func TestGetUsersWhoCanCreateOrgRepo(t *testing.T) {
 	users, err = organization.GetUsersWhoCanCreateOrgRepo(db.DefaultContext, 7)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Len(t, users, 1)
-	assert.EqualValues(t, 5, users[0].ID)
+	assert.NotNil(t, users[5])
 }

 func TestUser_RemoveOrgRepo(t *testing.T) {
--- a/models/packages/container/search.go
+++ b/models/packages/container/search.go
@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ type BlobSearchOptions struct {
 	Digest     string
 	Tag        string
 	IsManifest bool
+	Repository string
 }

 func (opts *BlobSearchOptions) toConds() builder.Cond {
@ -54,6 +55,15 @@ func (opts *BlobSearchOptions) toConds() builder.Cond {

 		cond = cond.And(builder.In("package_file.id", builder.Select("package_property.ref_id").Where(propsCond).From("package_property")))
 	}
+	if opts.Repository != "" {
+		var propsCond builder.Cond = builder.Eq{
+			"package_property.ref_type": packages.PropertyTypePackage,
+			"package_property.name":     container_module.PropertyRepository,
+			"package_property.value":    opts.Repository,
+		}
+
+		cond = cond.And(builder.In("package.id", builder.Select("package_property.ref_id").Where(propsCond).From("package_property")))
+	}

 	return cond
 }
--- a/models/packages/package_version.go
+++ b/models/packages/package_version.go
@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ func SearchLatestVersions(ctx context.Context, opts *PackageSearchOptions) ([]*P

 	sess := db.GetEngine(ctx).
 		Table("package_version").
-		Join("LEFT", "package_version pv2", "package_version.package_id = pv2.package_id AND (package_version.created_unix < pv2.created_unix OR (package_version.created_unix = pv2.created_unix AND package_version.id < pv2.id))").
+		Join("LEFT", "package_version pv2", "package_version.package_id = pv2.package_id AND pv2.is_internal = ? AND (package_version.created_unix < pv2.created_unix OR (package_version.created_unix = pv2.created_unix AND package_version.id < pv2.id))", false).
 		Join("INNER", "package", "package.id = package_version.package_id").
 		Where(cond)

--- a/models/repo.go
+++ b/models/repo.go
@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ func CheckRepoStats(ctx context.Context) error {
 		},
 		// Repository.NumIssues
 		{
-			statsQuery("SELECT repo.id FROM `repository` repo WHERE repo.num_issues!=(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `issue` WHERE repo_id=repo.id AND is_closed=? AND is_pull=?)", false, false),
+			statsQuery("SELECT repo.id FROM `repository` repo WHERE repo.num_issues!=(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `issue` WHERE repo_id=repo.id AND is_pull=?)", false),
 			repoStatsCorrectNumIssues,
 			"repository count 'num_issues'",
 		},
@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ func CheckRepoStats(ctx context.Context) error {
 		},
 		// Repository.NumPulls
 		{
-			statsQuery("SELECT repo.id FROM `repository` repo WHERE repo.num_pulls!=(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `issue` WHERE repo_id=repo.id AND is_closed=? AND is_pull=?)", false, true),
+			statsQuery("SELECT repo.id FROM `repository` repo WHERE repo.num_pulls!=(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `issue` WHERE repo_id=repo.id AND is_pull=?)", true),
 			repoStatsCorrectNumPulls,
 			"repository count 'num_pulls'",
 		},
--- a/models/repo/repo_list.go
+++ b/models/repo/repo_list.go
@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unit"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"

@ -498,8 +499,12 @@ func SearchRepositoryCondition(opts *SearchRepoOptions) builder.Cond {
 		// Only show a repo that either has a topic or description.
 		subQueryCond := builder.NewCond()

-		// Topic checking. Topics is non-null.
-		subQueryCond = subQueryCond.Or(builder.And(builder.Neq{"topics": "null"}, builder.Neq{"topics": "[]"}))
+		// Topic checking. Topics are present.
+		if setting.Database.UsePostgreSQL { // postgres stores the topics as json and not as text
+			subQueryCond = subQueryCond.Or(builder.And(builder.NotNull{"topics"}, builder.Neq{"(topics)::text": "[]"}))
+		} else {
+			subQueryCond = subQueryCond.Or(builder.And(builder.Neq{"topics": "null"}, builder.Neq{"topics": "[]"}))
+		}

 		// Description checking. Description not empty.
 		subQueryCond = subQueryCond.Or(builder.Neq{"description": ""})
--- a/models/repo/update.go
+++ b/models/repo/update.go
@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ func ChangeRepositoryName(doer *user_model.User, repo *Repository, newRepoName s
 	return committer.Commit()
 }

-// UpdateRepoSize updates the repository size, calculating it using util.GetDirectorySize
+// UpdateRepoSize updates the repository size, calculating it using getDirectorySize
 func UpdateRepoSize(ctx context.Context, repoID, size int64) error {
 	_, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(repoID).Cols("size").NoAutoTime().Update(&Repository{
 		Size: size,
--- a/models/system/setting.go
+++ b/models/system/setting.go
@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/cache"
+	setting_module "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"

 	"strk.kbt.io/projects/go/libravatar"
@ -35,6 +36,10 @@ func (s *Setting) TableName() string {
 }

 func (s *Setting) GetValueBool() bool {
+	if s == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
 	b, _ := strconv.ParseBool(s.SettingValue)
 	return b
 }
@ -75,8 +80,8 @@ func IsErrDataExpired(err error) bool {
 	return ok
 }

-// GetSetting returns specific setting
-func GetSetting(key string) (*Setting, error) {
+// GetSettingNoCache returns specific setting without using the cache
+func GetSettingNoCache(key string) (*Setting, error) {
 	v, err := GetSettings([]string{key})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@ -84,7 +89,26 @@ func GetSetting(key string) (*Setting, error) {
 	if len(v) == 0 {
 		return nil, ErrSettingIsNotExist{key}
 	}
-	return v[key], nil
+	return v[strings.ToLower(key)], nil
+}
+
+// GetSetting returns the setting value via the key
+func GetSetting(key string) (string, error) {
+	return cache.GetString(genSettingCacheKey(key), func() (string, error) {
+		res, err := GetSettingNoCache(key)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		return res.SettingValue, nil
+	})
+}
+
+// GetSettingBool return bool value of setting,
+// none existing keys and errors are ignored and result in false
+func GetSettingBool(key string) bool {
+	s, _ := GetSetting(key)
+	v, _ := strconv.ParseBool(s)
+	return v
 }

 // GetSettings returns specific settings
@ -108,7 +132,7 @@ func GetSettings(keys []string) (map[string]*Setting, error) {
 type AllSettings map[string]*Setting

 func (settings AllSettings) Get(key string) Setting {
-	if v, ok := settings[key]; ok {
+	if v, ok := settings[strings.ToLower(key)]; ok {
 		return *v
 	}
 	return Setting{}
@ -139,12 +163,13 @@ func GetAllSettings() (AllSettings, error) {

 // DeleteSetting deletes a specific setting for a user
 func DeleteSetting(setting *Setting) error {
+	cache.Remove(genSettingCacheKey(setting.SettingKey))
 	_, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Delete(setting)
 	return err
 }

 func SetSettingNoVersion(key, value string) error {
-	s, err := GetSetting(key)
+	s, err := GetSettingNoCache(key)
 	if IsErrSettingIsNotExist(err) {
 		return SetSetting(&Setting{
 			SettingKey:   key,
@ -163,7 +188,14 @@ func SetSetting(setting *Setting) error {
 	if err := upsertSettingValue(strings.ToLower(setting.SettingKey), setting.SettingValue, setting.Version); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+
 	setting.Version++
+
+	cc := cache.GetCache()
+	if cc != nil {
+		return cc.Put(genSettingCacheKey(setting.SettingKey), setting.SettingValue, setting_module.CacheService.TTLSeconds())
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }

@ -213,9 +245,9 @@ var (

 func Init() error {
 	var disableGravatar bool
-	disableGravatarSetting, err := GetSetting(KeyPictureDisableGravatar)
+	disableGravatarSetting, err := GetSettingNoCache(KeyPictureDisableGravatar)
 	if IsErrSettingIsNotExist(err) {
-		disableGravatar = setting.GetDefaultDisableGravatar()
+		disableGravatar = setting_module.GetDefaultDisableGravatar()
 		disableGravatarSetting = &Setting{SettingValue: strconv.FormatBool(disableGravatar)}
 	} else if err != nil {
 		return err
@ -224,9 +256,9 @@ func Init() error {
 	}

 	var enableFederatedAvatar bool
-	enableFederatedAvatarSetting, err := GetSetting(KeyPictureEnableFederatedAvatar)
+	enableFederatedAvatarSetting, err := GetSettingNoCache(KeyPictureEnableFederatedAvatar)
 	if IsErrSettingIsNotExist(err) {
-		enableFederatedAvatar = setting.GetDefaultEnableFederatedAvatar(disableGravatar)
+		enableFederatedAvatar = setting_module.GetDefaultEnableFederatedAvatar(disableGravatar)
 		enableFederatedAvatarSetting = &Setting{SettingValue: strconv.FormatBool(enableFederatedAvatar)}
 	} else if err != nil {
 		return err
@ -234,20 +266,30 @@ func Init() error {
 		enableFederatedAvatar = disableGravatarSetting.GetValueBool()
 	}

-	if setting.OfflineMode {
+	if setting_module.OfflineMode {
 		disableGravatar = true
 		enableFederatedAvatar = false
-	}
-
-	if disableGravatar || !enableFederatedAvatar {
-		var err error
-		GravatarSourceURL, err = url.Parse(setting.GravatarSource)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("Failed to parse Gravatar URL(%s): %w", setting.GravatarSource, err)
+		if !GetSettingBool(KeyPictureDisableGravatar) {
+			if err := SetSettingNoVersion(KeyPictureDisableGravatar, "true"); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("Failed to set setting %q: %w", KeyPictureDisableGravatar, err)
+			}
+		}
+		if GetSettingBool(KeyPictureEnableFederatedAvatar) {
+			if err := SetSettingNoVersion(KeyPictureEnableFederatedAvatar, "false"); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("Failed to set setting %q: %w", KeyPictureEnableFederatedAvatar, err)
+			}
 		}
 	}

-	if enableFederatedAvatarSetting.GetValueBool() {
+	if enableFederatedAvatar || !disableGravatar {
+		var err error
+		GravatarSourceURL, err = url.Parse(setting_module.GravatarSource)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("Failed to parse Gravatar URL(%s): %w", setting_module.GravatarSource, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if GravatarSourceURL != nil && enableFederatedAvatarSetting.GetValueBool() {
 		LibravatarService = libravatar.New()
 		if GravatarSourceURL.Scheme == "https" {
 			LibravatarService.SetUseHTTPS(true)
--- a/models/system/setting_key.go
+++ b/models/system/setting_key.go
@ -9,3 +9,8 @@ const (
 	KeyPictureDisableGravatar       = "picture.disable_gravatar"
 	KeyPictureEnableFederatedAvatar = "picture.enable_federated_avatar"
 )
+
+// genSettingCacheKey returns the cache key for some configuration
+func genSettingCacheKey(key string) string {
+	return "system.setting." + key
+}
--- a/models/system/setting_test.go
+++ b/models/system/setting_test.go
@ -34,10 +34,14 @@ func TestSettings(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.EqualValues(t, newSetting.SettingValue, settings[strings.ToLower(keyName)].SettingValue)

 	// updated setting
-	updatedSetting := &system.Setting{SettingKey: keyName, SettingValue: "100", Version: newSetting.Version}
+	updatedSetting := &system.Setting{SettingKey: keyName, SettingValue: "100", Version: settings[strings.ToLower(keyName)].Version}
 	err = system.SetSetting(updatedSetting)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

+	value, err := system.GetSetting(keyName)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, updatedSetting.SettingValue, value)
+
 	// get all settings
 	settings, err = system.GetAllSettings()
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
--- a/models/user.go
+++ b/models/user.go
@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ func DeleteUser(ctx context.Context, u *user_model.User, purge bool) (err error)
 		&user_model.UserBadge{UserID: u.ID},
 		&pull_model.AutoMerge{DoerID: u.ID},
 		&pull_model.ReviewState{UserID: u.ID},
+		&user_model.Redirect{RedirectUserID: u.ID},
 	); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("deleteBeans: %w", err)
 	}
--- a/models/user/avatar.go
+++ b/models/user/avatar.go
@ -68,11 +68,7 @@ func (u *User) AvatarLinkWithSize(size int) string {
 	useLocalAvatar := false
 	autoGenerateAvatar := false

-	var disableGravatar bool
-	disableGravatarSetting, _ := system_model.GetSetting(system_model.KeyPictureDisableGravatar)
-	if disableGravatarSetting != nil {
-		disableGravatar = disableGravatarSetting.GetValueBool()
-	}
+	disableGravatar := system_model.GetSettingBool(system_model.KeyPictureDisableGravatar)

 	switch {
 	case u.UseCustomAvatar:
--- a/models/user/must_change_password.go
+++ b/models/user/must_change_password.go
@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package user
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+
+	"xorm.io/builder"
+)
+
+func SetMustChangePassword(ctx context.Context, all, mustChangePassword bool, include, exclude []string) (int64, error) {
+	sliceTrimSpaceDropEmpty := func(input []string) []string {
+		output := make([]string, 0, len(input))
+		for _, in := range input {
+			in = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(in))
+			if in == "" {
+				continue
+			}
+			output = append(output, in)
+		}
+		return output
+	}
+
+	var cond builder.Cond
+
+	// Only include the users where something changes to get an accurate count
+	cond = builder.Neq{"must_change_password": mustChangePassword}
+
+	if !all {
+		include = sliceTrimSpaceDropEmpty(include)
+		if len(include) == 0 {
+			return 0, fmt.Errorf("no users to include provided")
+		}
+
+		cond = cond.And(builder.In("lower_name", include))
+	}
+
+	exclude = sliceTrimSpaceDropEmpty(exclude)
+	if len(exclude) > 0 {
+		cond = cond.And(builder.NotIn("lower_name", exclude))
+	}
+
+	return db.GetEngine(ctx).Where(cond).MustCols("must_change_password").Update(&User{MustChangePassword: mustChangePassword})
+}
--- a/models/user/setting.go
+++ b/models/user/setting.go
@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/cache"

 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )
@ -47,9 +48,25 @@ func IsErrUserSettingIsNotExist(err error) bool {
 	return ok
 }

-// GetSetting returns specific setting
-func GetSetting(uid int64, key string) (*Setting, error) {
-	v, err := GetUserSettings(uid, []string{key})
+// genSettingCacheKey returns the cache key for some configuration
+func genSettingCacheKey(userID int64, key string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("user_%d.setting.%s", userID, key)
+}
+
+// GetSetting returns the setting value via the key
+func GetSetting(uid int64, key string) (string, error) {
+	return cache.GetString(genSettingCacheKey(uid, key), func() (string, error) {
+		res, err := GetSettingNoCache(uid, key)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		return res.SettingValue, nil
+	})
+}
+
+// GetSettingNoCache returns specific setting without using the cache
+func GetSettingNoCache(uid int64, key string) (*Setting, error) {
+	v, err := GetSettings(uid, []string{key})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@ -59,8 +76,8 @@ func GetSetting(uid int64, key string) (*Setting, error) {
 	return v[key], nil
 }

-// GetUserSettings returns specific settings from user
-func GetUserSettings(uid int64, keys []string) (map[string]*Setting, error) {
+// GetSettings returns specific settings from user
+func GetSettings(uid int64, keys []string) (map[string]*Setting, error) {
 	settings := make([]*Setting, 0, len(keys))
 	if err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).
 		Where("user_id=?", uid).
@ -105,6 +122,7 @@ func GetUserSetting(userID int64, key string, def ...string) (string, error) {
 	if err := validateUserSettingKey(key); err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
+
 	setting := &Setting{UserID: userID, SettingKey: key}
 	has, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Get(setting)
 	if err != nil {
@ -124,7 +142,10 @@ func DeleteUserSetting(userID int64, key string) error {
 	if err := validateUserSettingKey(key); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+
+	cache.Remove(genSettingCacheKey(userID, key))
 	_, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Delete(&Setting{UserID: userID, SettingKey: key})
+
 	return err
 }

@ -133,7 +154,12 @@ func SetUserSetting(userID int64, key, value string) error {
 	if err := validateUserSettingKey(key); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	return upsertUserSettingValue(userID, key, value)
+
+	_, err := cache.GetString(genSettingCacheKey(userID, key), func() (string, error) {
+		return value, upsertUserSettingValue(userID, key, value)
+	})
+
+	return err
 }

 func upsertUserSettingValue(userID int64, key, value string) error {
--- a/models/user/setting_test.go
+++ b/models/user/setting_test.go
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ func TestSettings(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	// get specific setting
-	settings, err := user_model.GetUserSettings(99, []string{keyName})
+	settings, err := user_model.GetSettings(99, []string{keyName})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Len(t, settings, 1)
 	assert.EqualValues(t, newSetting.SettingValue, settings[keyName].SettingValue)
--- a/models/user/user.go
+++ b/models/user/user.go
@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ package user

 import (
 	"context"
-	"crypto/sha256"
-	"crypto/subtle"
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/url"
@ -22,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/auth/openid"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/auth/password/hash"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/base"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
@ -30,10 +29,6 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"

-	"golang.org/x/crypto/argon2"
-	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
-	"golang.org/x/crypto/pbkdf2"
-	"golang.org/x/crypto/scrypt"
 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )

@ -48,21 +43,6 @@ const (
 	UserTypeOrganization
 )

-const (
-	algoBcrypt = "bcrypt"
-	algoScrypt = "scrypt"
-	algoArgon2 = "argon2"
-	algoPbkdf2 = "pbkdf2"
-)
-
-// AvailableHashAlgorithms represents the available password hashing algorithms
-var AvailableHashAlgorithms = []string{
-	algoPbkdf2,
-	algoArgon2,
-	algoScrypt,
-	algoBcrypt,
-}
-
 const (
 	// EmailNotificationsEnabled indicates that the user would like to receive all email notifications except your own
 	EmailNotificationsEnabled = "enabled"
@ -368,42 +348,6 @@ func (u *User) NewGitSig() *git.Signature {
 	}
 }

-func hashPassword(passwd, salt, algo string) (string, error) {
-	var tempPasswd []byte
-	var saltBytes []byte
-
-	// There are two formats for the Salt value:
-	// * The new format is a (32+)-byte hex-encoded string
-	// * The old format was a 10-byte binary format
-	// We have to tolerate both here but Authenticate should
-	// regenerate the Salt following a successful validation.
-	if len(salt) == 10 {
-		saltBytes = []byte(salt)
-	} else {
-		var err error
-		saltBytes, err = hex.DecodeString(salt)
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-	}
-
-	switch algo {
-	case algoBcrypt:
-		tempPasswd, _ = bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(passwd), bcrypt.DefaultCost)
-		return string(tempPasswd), nil
-	case algoScrypt:
-		tempPasswd, _ = scrypt.Key([]byte(passwd), saltBytes, 65536, 16, 2, 50)
-	case algoArgon2:
-		tempPasswd = argon2.IDKey([]byte(passwd), saltBytes, 2, 65536, 8, 50)
-	case algoPbkdf2:
-		fallthrough
-	default:
-		tempPasswd = pbkdf2.Key([]byte(passwd), saltBytes, 10000, 50, sha256.New)
-	}
-
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%x", tempPasswd), nil
-}
-
 // SetPassword hashes a password using the algorithm defined in the config value of PASSWORD_HASH_ALGO
 // change passwd, salt and passwd_hash_algo fields
 func (u *User) SetPassword(passwd string) (err error) {
@ -417,7 +361,7 @@ func (u *User) SetPassword(passwd string) (err error) {
 	if u.Salt, err = GetUserSalt(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if u.Passwd, err = hashPassword(passwd, u.Salt, setting.PasswordHashAlgo); err != nil {
+	if u.Passwd, err = hash.Parse(setting.PasswordHashAlgo).Hash(passwd, u.Salt); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	u.PasswdHashAlgo = setting.PasswordHashAlgo
@ -425,20 +369,9 @@ func (u *User) SetPassword(passwd string) (err error) {
 	return nil
 }

-// ValidatePassword checks if given password matches the one belongs to the user.
+// ValidatePassword checks if the given password matches the one belonging to the user.
 func (u *User) ValidatePassword(passwd string) bool {
-	tempHash, err := hashPassword(passwd, u.Salt, u.PasswdHashAlgo)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if u.PasswdHashAlgo != algoBcrypt && subtle.ConstantTimeCompare([]byte(u.Passwd), []byte(tempHash)) == 1 {
-		return true
-	}
-	if u.PasswdHashAlgo == algoBcrypt && bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(u.Passwd), []byte(passwd)) == nil {
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
+	return hash.Parse(u.PasswdHashAlgo).VerifyPassword(passwd, u.Passwd, u.Salt)
 }

 // IsPasswordSet checks if the password is set or left empty
@ -1227,7 +1160,10 @@ func GetUserByOpenID(uri string) (*User, error) {
 // GetAdminUser returns the first administrator
 func GetAdminUser() (*User, error) {
 	var admin User
-	has, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Where("is_admin=?", true).Get(&admin)
+	has, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).
+		Where("is_admin=?", true).
+		Asc("id"). // Reliably get the admin with the lowest ID.
+		Get(&admin)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	} else if !has {
--- a/models/user/user_test.go
+++ b/models/user/user_test.go
@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/auth/password/hash"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
@ -162,7 +163,7 @@ func TestEmailNotificationPreferences(t *testing.T) {
 func TestHashPasswordDeterministic(t *testing.T) {
 	b := make([]byte, 16)
 	u := &user_model.User{}
-	algos := []string{"argon2", "pbkdf2", "scrypt", "bcrypt"}
+	algos := hash.RecommendedHashAlgorithms
 	for j := 0; j < len(algos); j++ {
 		u.PasswdHashAlgo = algos[j]
 		for i := 0; i < 50; i++ {
--- a/modules/activitypub/user_settings.go
+++ b/modules/activitypub/user_settings.go
@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 // GetKeyPair function returns a user's private and public keys
 func GetKeyPair(user *user_model.User) (pub, priv string, err error) {
 	var settings map[string]*user_model.Setting
-	settings, err = user_model.GetUserSettings(user.ID, []string{user_model.UserActivityPubPrivPem, user_model.UserActivityPubPubPem})
+	settings, err = user_model.GetSettings(user.ID, []string{user_model.UserActivityPubPrivPem, user_model.UserActivityPubPubPem})
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	} else if len(settings) == 0 {
--- a/modules/auth/password/hash/argon2.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/hash/argon2.go
@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"strings"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
+
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/argon2"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	Register("argon2", NewArgon2Hasher)
+}
+
+// Argon2Hasher implements PasswordHasher
+// and uses the Argon2 key derivation function, hybrant variant
+type Argon2Hasher struct {
+	time    uint32
+	memory  uint32
+	threads uint8
+	keyLen  uint32
+}
+
+// HashWithSaltBytes a provided password and salt
+func (hasher *Argon2Hasher) HashWithSaltBytes(password string, salt []byte) string {
+	if hasher == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return hex.EncodeToString(argon2.IDKey([]byte(password), salt, hasher.time, hasher.memory, hasher.threads, hasher.keyLen))
+}
+
+// NewArgon2Hasher is a factory method to create an Argon2Hasher
+// The provided config should be either empty or of the form:
+// "<time>$<memory>$<threads>$<keyLen>", where <x> is the string representation
+// of an integer
+func NewArgon2Hasher(config string) *Argon2Hasher {
+	// This default configuration uses the following parameters:
+	// time=2, memory=64*1024, threads=8, keyLen=50.
+	// It will make two passes through the memory, using 64MiB in total.
+	hasher := &Argon2Hasher{
+		time:    2,
+		memory:  1 << 16,
+		threads: 8,
+		keyLen:  50,
+	}
+
+	if config == "" {
+		return hasher
+	}
+
+	vals := strings.SplitN(config, "$", 4)
+	if len(vals) != 4 {
+		log.Error("invalid argon2 hash spec %s", config)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	parsed, err := parseUIntParam(vals[0], "time", "argon2", config, nil)
+	hasher.time = uint32(parsed)
+
+	parsed, err = parseUIntParam(vals[1], "memory", "argon2", config, err)
+	hasher.memory = uint32(parsed)
+
+	parsed, err = parseUIntParam(vals[2], "threads", "argon2", config, err)
+	hasher.threads = uint8(parsed)
+
+	parsed, err = parseUIntParam(vals[3], "keyLen", "argon2", config, err)
+	hasher.keyLen = uint32(parsed)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return hasher
+}
--- a/modules/auth/password/hash/bcrypt.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/hash/bcrypt.go
@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	Register("bcrypt", NewBcryptHasher)
+}
+
+// BcryptHasher implements PasswordHasher
+// and uses the bcrypt password hash function.
+type BcryptHasher struct {
+	cost int
+}
+
+// HashWithSaltBytes a provided password and salt
+func (hasher *BcryptHasher) HashWithSaltBytes(password string, salt []byte) string {
+	if hasher == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	hashedPassword, _ := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(password), hasher.cost)
+	return string(hashedPassword)
+}
+
+func (hasher *BcryptHasher) VerifyPassword(password, hashedPassword, salt string) bool {
+	return bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(hashedPassword), []byte(password)) == nil
+}
+
+// NewBcryptHasher is a factory method to create an BcryptHasher
+// The provided config should be either empty or the string representation of the "<cost>"
+// as an integer
+func NewBcryptHasher(config string) *BcryptHasher {
+	hasher := &BcryptHasher{
+		cost: 10, // cost=10. i.e. 2^10 rounds of key expansion.
+	}
+
+	if config == "" {
+		return hasher
+	}
+	var err error
+	hasher.cost, err = parseIntParam(config, "cost", "bcrypt", config, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return hasher
+}
--- a/modules/auth/password/hash/common.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/hash/common.go
@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"strconv"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
+)
+
+func parseIntParam(value, param, algorithmName, config string, previousErr error) (int, error) {
+	parsed, err := strconv.Atoi(value)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("invalid integer for %s representation in %s hash spec %s", param, algorithmName, config)
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return parsed, previousErr // <- Keep the previous error as this function should still return an error once everything has been checked if any call failed
+}
+
+func parseUIntParam(value, param, algorithmName, config string, previousErr error) (uint64, error) {
+	parsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(value, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("invalid integer for %s representation in %s hash spec %s", param, algorithmName, config)
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return parsed, previousErr // <- Keep the previous error as this function should still return an error once everything has been checked if any call failed
+}
--- a/modules/auth/password/hash/hash.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/hash/hash.go
@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"crypto/subtle"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"sync/atomic"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
+)
+
+// This package takes care of hashing passwords, verifying passwords, defining
+// available password algorithms, defining recommended password algorithms and
+// choosing the default password algorithm.
+
+// PasswordSaltHasher will hash a provided password with the provided saltBytes
+type PasswordSaltHasher interface {
+	HashWithSaltBytes(password string, saltBytes []byte) string
+}
+
+// PasswordHasher will hash a provided password with the salt
+type PasswordHasher interface {
+	Hash(password, salt string) (string, error)
+}
+
+// PasswordVerifier will ensure that a providedPassword matches the hashPassword when hashed with the salt
+type PasswordVerifier interface {
+	VerifyPassword(providedPassword, hashedPassword, salt string) bool
+}
+
+// PasswordHashAlgorithms are named PasswordSaltHashers with a default verifier and hash function
+type PasswordHashAlgorithm struct {
+	PasswordSaltHasher
+	Name string
+}
+
+// Hash the provided password with the salt and return the hash
+func (algorithm *PasswordHashAlgorithm) Hash(password, salt string) (string, error) {
+	var saltBytes []byte
+
+	// There are two formats for the salt value:
+	// * The new format is a (32+)-byte hex-encoded string
+	// * The old format was a 10-byte binary format
+	// We have to tolerate both here.
+	if len(salt) == 10 {
+		saltBytes = []byte(salt)
+	} else {
+		var err error
+		saltBytes, err = hex.DecodeString(salt)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return algorithm.HashWithSaltBytes(password, saltBytes), nil
+}
+
+// Verify the provided password matches the hashPassword when hashed with the salt
+func (algorithm *PasswordHashAlgorithm) VerifyPassword(providedPassword, hashedPassword, salt string) bool {
+	// The bcrypt package has its own specialized compare function that takes into
+	// account the stored password's bcrypt parameters.
+	if verifier, ok := algorithm.PasswordSaltHasher.(PasswordVerifier); ok {
+		return verifier.VerifyPassword(providedPassword, hashedPassword, salt)
+	}
+
+	// Compute the hash of the password.
+	providedPasswordHash, err := algorithm.Hash(providedPassword, salt)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("passwordhash: %v.Hash(): %v", algorithm.Name, err)
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Compare it against the hashed password in constant-time.
+	return subtle.ConstantTimeCompare([]byte(hashedPassword), []byte(providedPasswordHash)) == 1
+}
+
+var (
+	lastNonDefaultAlgorithm  atomic.Value
+	availableHasherFactories = map[string]func(string) PasswordSaltHasher{}
+)
+
+// Register registers a PasswordSaltHasher with the availableHasherFactories
+// This is not thread safe.
+func Register[T PasswordSaltHasher](name string, newFn func(config string) T) {
+	if _, has := availableHasherFactories[name]; has {
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("duplicate registration of password salt hasher: %s", name))
+	}
+
+	availableHasherFactories[name] = func(config string) PasswordSaltHasher {
+		n := newFn(config)
+		return n
+	}
+}
+
+// In early versions of gitea the password hash algorithm field could be empty
+// At that point the default was `pbkdf2` without configuration values
+// Please note this is not the same as the DefaultAlgorithm
+const defaultEmptyHashAlgorithmName = "pbkdf2"
+
+func Parse(algorithm string) *PasswordHashAlgorithm {
+	if algorithm == "" {
+		algorithm = defaultEmptyHashAlgorithmName
+	}
+
+	if DefaultHashAlgorithm != nil && algorithm == DefaultHashAlgorithm.Name {
+		return DefaultHashAlgorithm
+	}
+
+	ptr := lastNonDefaultAlgorithm.Load()
+	if ptr != nil {
+		hashAlgorithm, ok := ptr.(*PasswordHashAlgorithm)
+		if ok && hashAlgorithm.Name == algorithm {
+			return hashAlgorithm
+		}
+	}
+
+	vals := strings.SplitN(algorithm, "$", 2)
+	var name string
+	var config string
+	if len(vals) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	name = vals[0]
+	if len(vals) > 1 {
+		config = vals[1]
+	}
+	newFn, has := availableHasherFactories[name]
+	if !has {
+		return nil
+	}
+	ph := newFn(config)
+	if ph == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	hashAlgorithm := &PasswordHashAlgorithm{
+		PasswordSaltHasher: ph,
+		Name:               algorithm,
+	}
+
+	lastNonDefaultAlgorithm.Store(hashAlgorithm)
+
+	return hashAlgorithm
+}
--- a/modules/auth/password/hash/hash_test.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/hash/hash_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+type testSaltHasher string
+
+func (t testSaltHasher) HashWithSaltBytes(password string, salt []byte) string {
+	return password + "$" + string(salt) + "$" + string(t)
+}
+
+func Test_registerHasher(t *testing.T) {
+	Register("Test_registerHasher", func(config string) testSaltHasher {
+		return testSaltHasher(config)
+	})
+
+	assert.Panics(t, func() {
+		Register("Test_registerHasher", func(config string) testSaltHasher {
+			return testSaltHasher(config)
+		})
+	})
+
+	assert.Equal(t, "password$salt$",
+		Parse("Test_registerHasher").PasswordSaltHasher.HashWithSaltBytes("password", []byte("salt")))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, "password$salt$config",
+		Parse("Test_registerHasher$config").PasswordSaltHasher.HashWithSaltBytes("password", []byte("salt")))
+
+	delete(availableHasherFactories, "Test_registerHasher")
+}
+
+func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
+	hashAlgorithmsToTest := []string{}
+	for plainHashAlgorithmNames := range availableHasherFactories {
+		hashAlgorithmsToTest = append(hashAlgorithmsToTest, plainHashAlgorithmNames)
+	}
+	for _, aliased := range aliasAlgorithmNames {
+		if strings.Contains(aliased, "$") {
+			hashAlgorithmsToTest = append(hashAlgorithmsToTest, aliased)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, algorithmName := range hashAlgorithmsToTest {
+		t.Run(algorithmName, func(t *testing.T) {
+			algo := Parse(algorithmName)
+			assert.NotNil(t, algo, "Algorithm %s resulted in an empty algorithm", algorithmName)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHashing(t *testing.T) {
+	hashAlgorithmsToTest := []string{}
+	for plainHashAlgorithmNames := range availableHasherFactories {
+		hashAlgorithmsToTest = append(hashAlgorithmsToTest, plainHashAlgorithmNames)
+	}
+	for _, aliased := range aliasAlgorithmNames {
+		if strings.Contains(aliased, "$") {
+			hashAlgorithmsToTest = append(hashAlgorithmsToTest, aliased)
+		}
+	}
+
+	runTests := func(password, salt string, shouldPass bool) {
+		for _, algorithmName := range hashAlgorithmsToTest {
+			t.Run(algorithmName, func(t *testing.T) {
+				output, err := Parse(algorithmName).Hash(password, salt)
+				if shouldPass {
+					assert.NoError(t, err)
+					assert.NotEmpty(t, output, "output for %s was empty", algorithmName)
+				} else {
+					assert.Error(t, err)
+				}
+
+				assert.Equal(t, Parse(algorithmName).VerifyPassword(password, output, salt), shouldPass)
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Test with new salt format.
+	runTests(strings.Repeat("a", 16), hex.EncodeToString([]byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03}), true)
+
+	// Test with legacy salt format.
+	runTests(strings.Repeat("a", 16), strings.Repeat("b", 10), true)
+
+	// Test with invalid salt.
+	runTests(strings.Repeat("a", 16), "a", false)
+}
+
+// vectors were generated using the current codebase.
+var vectors = []struct {
+	algorithms []string
+	password   string
+	salt       string
+	output     string
+	shouldfail bool
+}{
+	{
+		algorithms: []string{"bcrypt", "bcrypt$10"},
+		password:   "abcdef",
+		salt:       strings.Repeat("a", 10),
+		output:     "$2a$10$fjtm8BsQ2crym01/piJroenO3oSVUBhSLKaGdTYJ4tG0ePVCrU0G2",
+		shouldfail: false,
+	},
+	{
+		algorithms: []string{"scrypt", "scrypt$65536$16$2$50"},
+		password:   "abcdef",
+		salt:       strings.Repeat("a", 10),
+		output:     "3b571d0c07c62d42b7bad3dbf18fb0cd67d4d8cd4ad4c6928e1090e5b2a4a84437c6fd2627d897c0e7e65025ca62b67a0002",
+		shouldfail: false,
+	},
+	{
+		algorithms: []string{"argon2", "argon2$2$65536$8$50"},
+		password:   "abcdef",
+		salt:       strings.Repeat("a", 10),
+		output:     "551f089f570f989975b6f7c6a8ff3cf89bc486dd7bbe87ed4d80ad4362f8ee599ec8dda78dac196301b98456402bcda775dc",
+		shouldfail: false,
+	},
+	{
+		algorithms: []string{"pbkdf2", "pbkdf2$10000$50"},
+		password:   "abcdef",
+		salt:       strings.Repeat("a", 10),
+		output:     "ab48d5471b7e6ed42d10001db88c852ff7303c788e49da5c3c7b63d5adf96360303724b74b679223a3dea8a242d10abb1913",
+		shouldfail: false,
+	},
+	{
+		algorithms: []string{"bcrypt", "bcrypt$10"},
+		password:   "abcdef",
+		salt:       hex.EncodeToString([]byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}),
+		output:     "$2a$10$qhgm32w9ZpqLygugWJsLjey8xRGcaq9iXAfmCeNBXxddgyoaOC3Gq",
+		shouldfail: false,
+	},
+	{
+		algorithms: []string{"scrypt", "scrypt$65536$16$2$50"},
+		password:   "abcdef",
+		salt:       hex.EncodeToString([]byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}),
+		output:     "25fe5f66b43fa4eb7b6717905317cd2223cf841092dc8e0a1e8c75720ad4846cb5d9387303e14bc3c69faa3b1c51ef4b7de1",
+		shouldfail: false,
+	},
+	{
+		algorithms: []string{"argon2", "argon2$2$65536$8$50"},
+		password:   "abcdef",
+		salt:       hex.EncodeToString([]byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}),
+		output:     "9c287db63a91d18bb1414b703216da4fc431387c1ae7c8acdb280222f11f0929831055dbfd5126a3b48566692e83ec750d2a",
+		shouldfail: false,
+	},
+	{
+		algorithms: []string{"pbkdf2", "pbkdf2$10000$50"},
+		password:   "abcdef",
+		salt:       hex.EncodeToString([]byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}),
+		output:     "45d6cdc843d65cf0eda7b90ab41435762a282f7df013477a1c5b212ba81dbdca2edf1ecc4b5cb05956bb9e0c37ab29315d78",
+		shouldfail: false,
+	},
+	{
+		algorithms: []string{"pbkdf2$320000$50"},
+		password:   "abcdef",
+		salt:       hex.EncodeToString([]byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}),
+		output:     "84e233114499e8721da80e85568e5b7b5900b3e49a30845fcda9d1e1756da4547d70f8740ac2b4a5d82f88cebcd27f21bfe2",
+		shouldfail: false,
+	},
+	{
+		algorithms: []string{"pbkdf2", "pbkdf2$10000$50"},
+		password:   "abcdef",
+		salt:       "",
+		output:     "",
+		shouldfail: true,
+	},
+}
+
+// Ensure that the current code will correctly verify against the test vectors.
+func TestVectors(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, vector := range vectors {
+		for _, algorithm := range vector.algorithms {
+			t.Run(strconv.Itoa(i)+": "+algorithm, func(t *testing.T) {
+				pa := Parse(algorithm)
+				assert.Equal(t, !vector.shouldfail, pa.VerifyPassword(vector.password, vector.output, vector.salt))
+			})
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/modules/auth/password/hash/pbkdf2.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/hash/pbkdf2.go
@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"strings"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
+
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/pbkdf2"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	Register("pbkdf2", NewPBKDF2Hasher)
+}
+
+// PBKDF2Hasher implements PasswordHasher
+// and uses the PBKDF2 key derivation function.
+type PBKDF2Hasher struct {
+	iter, keyLen int
+}
+
+// HashWithSaltBytes a provided password and salt
+func (hasher *PBKDF2Hasher) HashWithSaltBytes(password string, salt []byte) string {
+	if hasher == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return hex.EncodeToString(pbkdf2.Key([]byte(password), salt, hasher.iter, hasher.keyLen, sha256.New))
+}
+
+// NewPBKDF2Hasher is a factory method to create an PBKDF2Hasher
+// config should be either empty or of the form:
+// "<iter>$<keyLen>", where <x> is the string representation
+// of an integer
+func NewPBKDF2Hasher(config string) *PBKDF2Hasher {
+	hasher := &PBKDF2Hasher{
+		iter:   10_000,
+		keyLen: 50,
+	}
+
+	if config == "" {
+		return hasher
+	}
+
+	vals := strings.SplitN(config, "$", 2)
+	if len(vals) != 2 {
+		log.Error("invalid pbkdf2 hash spec %s", config)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var err error
+	hasher.iter, err = parseIntParam(vals[0], "iter", "pbkdf2", config, nil)
+	hasher.keyLen, err = parseIntParam(vals[1], "keyLen", "pbkdf2", config, err)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return hasher
+}
--- a/modules/auth/password/hash/scrypt.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/hash/scrypt.go
@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"strings"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
+
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/scrypt"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	Register("scrypt", NewScryptHasher)
+}
+
+// ScryptHasher implements PasswordHasher
+// and uses the scrypt key derivation function.
+type ScryptHasher struct {
+	n, r, p, keyLen int
+}
+
+// HashWithSaltBytes a provided password and salt
+func (hasher *ScryptHasher) HashWithSaltBytes(password string, salt []byte) string {
+	if hasher == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	hashedPassword, _ := scrypt.Key([]byte(password), salt, hasher.n, hasher.r, hasher.p, hasher.keyLen)
+	return hex.EncodeToString(hashedPassword)
+}
+
+// NewScryptHasher is a factory method to create an ScryptHasher
+// The provided config should be either empty or of the form:
+// "<n>$<r>$<p>$<keyLen>", where <x> is the string representation
+// of an integer
+func NewScryptHasher(config string) *ScryptHasher {
+	hasher := &ScryptHasher{
+		n:      1 << 16,
+		r:      16,
+		p:      2, // 2 passes through memory - this default config will use 128MiB in total.
+		keyLen: 50,
+	}
+
+	if config == "" {
+		return hasher
+	}
+
+	vals := strings.SplitN(config, "$", 4)
+	if len(vals) != 4 {
+		log.Error("invalid scrypt hash spec %s", config)
+		return nil
+	}
+	var err error
+	hasher.n, err = parseIntParam(vals[0], "n", "scrypt", config, nil)
+	hasher.r, err = parseIntParam(vals[1], "r", "scrypt", config, err)
+	hasher.p, err = parseIntParam(vals[2], "p", "scrypt", config, err)
+	hasher.keyLen, err = parseIntParam(vals[3], "keyLen", "scrypt", config, err)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return hasher
+}
--- a/modules/auth/password/hash/setting.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/hash/setting.go
@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package hash
+
+const DefaultHashAlgorithmName = "pbkdf2"
+
+var DefaultHashAlgorithm *PasswordHashAlgorithm
+
+var aliasAlgorithmNames = map[string]string{
+	"argon2":    "argon2$2$65536$8$50",
+	"bcrypt":    "bcrypt$10",
+	"scrypt":    "scrypt$65536$16$2$50",
+	"pbkdf2":    "pbkdf2_v2", // pbkdf2 should default to pbkdf2_v2
+	"pbkdf2_v1": "pbkdf2$10000$50",
+	// The latest PBKDF2 password algorithm is used as the default since it doesn't
+	// use a lot of  memory and is safer to use on less powerful devices.
+	"pbkdf2_v2": "pbkdf2$50000$50",
+	// The pbkdf2_hi password algorithm is offered as a stronger alternative to the
+	// slightly improved pbkdf2_v2 algorithm
+	"pbkdf2_hi": "pbkdf2$320000$50",
+}
+
+var RecommendedHashAlgorithms = []string{
+	"pbkdf2",
+	"argon2",
+	"bcrypt",
+	"scrypt",
+	"pbkdf2_hi",
+}
+
+func SetDefaultPasswordHashAlgorithm(algorithmName string) (string, *PasswordHashAlgorithm) {
+	if algorithmName == "" {
+		algorithmName = DefaultHashAlgorithmName
+	}
+	alias, has := aliasAlgorithmNames[algorithmName]
+	for has {
+		algorithmName = alias
+		alias, has = aliasAlgorithmNames[algorithmName]
+	}
+	DefaultHashAlgorithm = Parse(algorithmName)
+
+	return algorithmName, DefaultHashAlgorithm
+}
--- a/modules/auth/password/hash/setting_test.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/hash/setting_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestCheckSettingPasswordHashAlgorithm(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("pbkdf2 is pbkdf2_v2", func(t *testing.T) {
+		pbkdf2v2Config, pbkdf2v2Algo := SetDefaultPasswordHashAlgorithm("pbkdf2_v2")
+		pbkdf2Config, pbkdf2Algo := SetDefaultPasswordHashAlgorithm("pbkdf2")
+
+		assert.Equal(t, pbkdf2v2Config, pbkdf2Config)
+		assert.Equal(t, pbkdf2v2Algo.Name, pbkdf2Algo.Name)
+	})
+
+	for a, b := range aliasAlgorithmNames {
+		t.Run(a+"="+b, func(t *testing.T) {
+			aConfig, aAlgo := SetDefaultPasswordHashAlgorithm(a)
+			bConfig, bAlgo := SetDefaultPasswordHashAlgorithm(b)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, bConfig, aConfig)
+			assert.Equal(t, aAlgo.Name, bAlgo.Name)
+		})
+	}
+
+	t.Run("pbkdf2_v2 is the default when default password hash algorithm is empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		emptyConfig, emptyAlgo := SetDefaultPasswordHashAlgorithm("")
+		pbkdf2v2Config, pbkdf2v2Algo := SetDefaultPasswordHashAlgorithm("pbkdf2_v2")
+
+		assert.Equal(t, pbkdf2v2Config, emptyConfig)
+		assert.Equal(t, pbkdf2v2Algo.Name, emptyAlgo.Name)
+	})
+}
--- a/modules/auth/password/password.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/password.go
@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"sync"

-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/translation"
 )

 // complexity contains information about a particular kind of password complexity
@ -113,13 +113,13 @@ func Generate(n int) (string, error) {
 }

 // BuildComplexityError builds the error message when password complexity checks fail
-func BuildComplexityError(ctx *context.Context) string {
+func BuildComplexityError(locale translation.Locale) string {
 	var buffer bytes.Buffer
-	buffer.WriteString(ctx.Tr("form.password_complexity"))
+	buffer.WriteString(locale.Tr("form.password_complexity"))
 	buffer.WriteString("<ul>")
 	for _, c := range requiredList {
 		buffer.WriteString("<li>")
-		buffer.WriteString(ctx.Tr(c.TrNameOne))
+		buffer.WriteString(locale.Tr(c.TrNameOne))
 		buffer.WriteString("</li>")
 	}
 	buffer.WriteString("</ul>")
--- a/modules/auth/password/password_test.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/password_test.go
--- a/modules/auth/password/pwn.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/pwn.go
--- a/modules/cache/cache.go
+++ b/modules/cache/cache.go
@ -51,27 +51,26 @@ func GetString(key string, getFunc func() (string, error)) (string, error) {
 	if conn == nil || setting.CacheService.TTL == 0 {
 		return getFunc()
 	}
-	if !conn.IsExist(key) {
-		var (
-			value string
-			err   error
-		)
-		if value, err = getFunc(); err != nil {
+
+	cached := conn.Get(key)
+
+	if cached == nil {
+		value, err := getFunc()
+		if err != nil {
 			return value, err
 		}
-		err = conn.Put(key, value, setting.CacheService.TTLSeconds())
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
+		return value, conn.Put(key, value, setting.CacheService.TTLSeconds())
 	}
-	value := conn.Get(key)
-	if v, ok := value.(string); ok {
-		return v, nil
+
+	if value, ok := cached.(string); ok {
+		return value, nil
 	}
-	if v, ok := value.(fmt.Stringer); ok {
-		return v.String(), nil
+
+	if stringer, ok := cached.(fmt.Stringer); ok {
+		return stringer.String(), nil
 	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s", conn.Get(key)), nil
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s", cached), nil
 }

 // GetInt returns key value from cache with callback when no key exists in cache
@ -79,30 +78,33 @@ func GetInt(key string, getFunc func() (int, error)) (int, error) {
 	if conn == nil || setting.CacheService.TTL == 0 {
 		return getFunc()
 	}
-	if !conn.IsExist(key) {
-		var (
-			value int
-			err   error
-		)
-		if value, err = getFunc(); err != nil {
+
+	cached := conn.Get(key)
+
+	if cached == nil {
+		value, err := getFunc()
+		if err != nil {
 			return value, err
 		}
-		err = conn.Put(key, value, setting.CacheService.TTLSeconds())
-		if err != nil {
-			return 0, err
-		}
+
+		return value, conn.Put(key, value, setting.CacheService.TTLSeconds())
 	}
-	switch value := conn.Get(key).(type) {
+
+	switch v := cached.(type) {
 	case int:
-		return value, nil
+		return v, nil
 	case string:
-		v, err := strconv.Atoi(value)
+		value, err := strconv.Atoi(v)
 		if err != nil {
 			return 0, err
 		}
-		return v, nil
+		return value, nil
 	default:
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("Unsupported cached value type: %v", value)
+		value, err := getFunc()
+		if err != nil {
+			return value, err
+		}
+		return value, conn.Put(key, value, setting.CacheService.TTLSeconds())
 	}
 }

@ -111,30 +113,34 @@ func GetInt64(key string, getFunc func() (int64, error)) (int64, error) {
 	if conn == nil || setting.CacheService.TTL == 0 {
 		return getFunc()
 	}
-	if !conn.IsExist(key) {
-		var (
-			value int64
-			err   error
-		)
-		if value, err = getFunc(); err != nil {
+
+	cached := conn.Get(key)
+
+	if cached == nil {
+		value, err := getFunc()
+		if err != nil {
 			return value, err
 		}
-		err = conn.Put(key, value, setting.CacheService.TTLSeconds())
-		if err != nil {
-			return 0, err
-		}
+
+		return value, conn.Put(key, value, setting.CacheService.TTLSeconds())
 	}
-	switch value := conn.Get(key).(type) {
+
+	switch v := conn.Get(key).(type) {
 	case int64:
-		return value, nil
+		return v, nil
 	case string:
-		v, err := strconv.ParseInt(value, 10, 64)
+		value, err := strconv.ParseInt(v, 10, 64)
 		if err != nil {
 			return 0, err
 		}
-		return v, nil
+		return value, nil
 	default:
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("Unsupported cached value type: %v", value)
+		value, err := getFunc()
+		if err != nil {
+			return value, err
+		}
+
+		return value, conn.Put(key, value, setting.CacheService.TTLSeconds())
 	}
 }

--- a/modules/charset/ambiguous.go
+++ b/modules/charset/ambiguous.go
@ -29,6 +29,12 @@ func AmbiguousTablesForLocale(locale translation.Locale) []*AmbiguousTable {
 			key = key[:idx]
 		}
 	}
+	if table == nil && (locale.Language() == "zh-CN" || locale.Language() == "zh_CN") {
+		table = AmbiguousCharacters["zh-hans"]
+	}
+	if table == nil && strings.HasPrefix(locale.Language(), "zh") {
+		table = AmbiguousCharacters["zh-hant"]
+	}
 	if table == nil {
 		table = AmbiguousCharacters["_default"]
 	}
--- a/modules/charset/escape.go
+++ b/modules/charset/escape.go
@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 package charset

 import (
+	"bufio"
 	"io"
 	"strings"

@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ func EscapeControlHTML(text string, locale translation.Locale, allowed ...rune)
 	return streamer.escaped, sb.String()
 }

-// EscapeControlReaders escapes the unicode control sequences in a provider reader and writer in a locale and returns the findings as an EscapeStatus and the escaped []byte
+// EscapeControlReaders escapes the unicode control sequences in a provided reader of HTML content and writer in a locale and returns the findings as an EscapeStatus and the escaped []byte
 func EscapeControlReader(reader io.Reader, writer io.Writer, locale translation.Locale, allowed ...rune) (escaped *EscapeStatus, err error) {
 	outputStream := &HTMLStreamerWriter{Writer: writer}
 	streamer := NewEscapeStreamer(locale, outputStream, allowed...).(*escapeStreamer)
@ -44,6 +45,31 @@ func EscapeControlReader(reader io.Reader, writer io.Writer, locale translation.
 	return streamer.escaped, err
 }

+// EscapeControlStringReader escapes the unicode control sequences in a provided reader of string content and writer in a locale and returns the findings as an EscapeStatus and the escaped []byte. HTML line breaks are not inserted after every newline by this method.
+func EscapeControlStringReader(reader io.Reader, writer io.Writer, locale translation.Locale, allowed ...rune) (escaped *EscapeStatus, err error) {
+	bufRd := bufio.NewReader(reader)
+	outputStream := &HTMLStreamerWriter{Writer: writer}
+	streamer := NewEscapeStreamer(locale, outputStream, allowed...).(*escapeStreamer)
+
+	for {
+		line, rdErr := bufRd.ReadString('\n')
+		if len(line) > 0 {
+			if err := streamer.Text(line); err != nil {
+				streamer.escaped.HasError = true
+				log.Error("Error whilst escaping: %v", err)
+				return streamer.escaped, err
+			}
+		}
+		if rdErr != nil {
+			if rdErr != io.EOF {
+				err = rdErr
+			}
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return streamer.escaped, err
+}
+
 // EscapeControlString escapes the unicode control sequences in a provided string and returns the findings as an EscapeStatus and the escaped string
 func EscapeControlString(text string, locale translation.Locale, allowed ...rune) (escaped *EscapeStatus, output string) {
 	sb := &strings.Builder{}
--- a/modules/charset/escape_stream.go
+++ b/modules/charset/escape_stream.go
@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ package charset
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"regexp"
-	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"unicode"
 	"unicode/utf8"
@ -21,12 +20,16 @@ import (
 var defaultWordRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(`(-?\d*\.\d\w*)|([^\` + "`" + `\~\!\@\#\$\%\^\&\*\(\)\-\=\+\[\{\]\}\\\|\;\:\'\"\,\.\<\>\/\?\s\x00-\x1f]+)`)

 func NewEscapeStreamer(locale translation.Locale, next HTMLStreamer, allowed ...rune) HTMLStreamer {
+	allowedM := make(map[rune]bool, len(allowed))
+	for _, v := range allowed {
+		allowedM[v] = true
+	}
 	return &escapeStreamer{
 		escaped:                 &EscapeStatus{},
 		PassthroughHTMLStreamer: *NewPassthroughStreamer(next),
 		locale:                  locale,
 		ambiguousTables:         AmbiguousTablesForLocale(locale),
-		allowed:                 allowed,
+		allowed:                 allowedM,
 	}
 }

@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ type escapeStreamer struct {
 	escaped         *EscapeStatus
 	locale          translation.Locale
 	ambiguousTables []*AmbiguousTable
-	allowed         []rune
+	allowed         map[rune]bool
 }

 func (e *escapeStreamer) EscapeStatus() *EscapeStatus {
@ -257,7 +260,7 @@ func (e *escapeStreamer) runeTypes(runes ...rune) (types []runeType, confusables
 			runeCounts.numBrokenRunes++
 		case r == ' ' || r == '\t' || r == '\n':
 			runeCounts.numBasicRunes++
-		case e.isAllowed(r):
+		case e.allowed[r]:
 			if r > 0x7e || r < 0x20 {
 				types[i] = nonBasicASCIIRuneType
 				runeCounts.numNonConfusingNonBasicRunes++
@ -283,16 +286,3 @@ func (e *escapeStreamer) runeTypes(runes ...rune) (types []runeType, confusables
 	}
 	return types, confusables, runeCounts
 }
-
-func (e *escapeStreamer) isAllowed(r rune) bool {
-	if len(e.allowed) == 0 {
-		return false
-	}
-	if len(e.allowed) == 1 {
-		return e.allowed[0] == r
-	}
-
-	return sort.Search(len(e.allowed), func(i int) bool {
-		return e.allowed[i] >= r
-	}) >= 0
-}
--- a/modules/context/access_log.go
+++ b/modules/context/access_log.go
@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ package context
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"html/template"
 	"net/http"
+	"text/template"
 	"time"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
--- a/modules/context/api.go
+++ b/modules/context/api.go
@ -220,7 +220,13 @@ func (ctx *APIContext) CheckForOTP() {
 func APIAuth(authMethod auth_service.Method) func(*APIContext) {
 	return func(ctx *APIContext) {
 		// Get user from session if logged in.
-		ctx.Doer = authMethod.Verify(ctx.Req, ctx.Resp, ctx, ctx.Session)
+		var err error
+		ctx.Doer, err = authMethod.Verify(ctx.Req, ctx.Resp, ctx, ctx.Session)
+		if err != nil {
+			ctx.Error(http.StatusUnauthorized, "APIAuth", err)
+			return
+		}
+
 		if ctx.Doer != nil {
 			if ctx.Locale.Language() != ctx.Doer.Language {
 				ctx.Locale = middleware.Locale(ctx.Resp, ctx.Req)
@ -388,7 +394,7 @@ func RepoRefForAPI(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 				return
 			}
 			ctx.Repo.CommitID = ctx.Repo.Commit.ID.String()
-		} else if len(refName) == 40 {
+		} else if len(refName) == git.SHAFullLength {
 			ctx.Repo.CommitID = refName
 			ctx.Repo.Commit, err = ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetCommit(refName)
 			if err != nil {
--- a/modules/context/context.go
+++ b/modules/context/context.go
@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/templates"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/translation"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/typesniffer"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/web/middleware"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/auth"
@ -322,9 +323,9 @@ func (ctx *Context) plainTextInternal(skip, status int, bs []byte) {
 	if statusPrefix == 4 || statusPrefix == 5 {
 		log.Log(skip, log.TRACE, "plainTextInternal (status=%d): %s", status, string(bs))
 	}
-	ctx.Resp.WriteHeader(status)
 	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=utf-8")
 	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")
+	ctx.Resp.WriteHeader(status)
 	if _, err := ctx.Resp.Write(bs); err != nil {
 		log.ErrorWithSkip(skip, "plainTextInternal (status=%d): write bytes failed: %v", status, err)
 	}
@ -345,34 +346,61 @@ func (ctx *Context) RespHeader() http.Header {
 	return ctx.Resp.Header()
 }

+type ServeHeaderOptions struct {
+	ContentType        string // defaults to "application/octet-stream"
+	ContentTypeCharset string
+	ContentLength      *int64
+	Disposition        string // defaults to "attachment"
+	Filename           string
+	CacheDuration      time.Duration // defaults to 5 minutes
+	LastModified       time.Time
+}
+
 // SetServeHeaders sets necessary content serve headers
-func (ctx *Context) SetServeHeaders(filename string) {
-	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Content-Description", "File Transfer")
-	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream")
-	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+filename)
-	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "binary")
-	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Expires", "0")
-	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "must-revalidate")
-	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Pragma", "public")
-	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", "Content-Disposition")
+func (ctx *Context) SetServeHeaders(opts *ServeHeaderOptions) {
+	header := ctx.Resp.Header()
+
+	contentType := typesniffer.ApplicationOctetStream
+	if opts.ContentType != "" {
+		if opts.ContentTypeCharset != "" {
+			contentType = opts.ContentType + "; charset=" + strings.ToLower(opts.ContentTypeCharset)
+		} else {
+			contentType = opts.ContentType
+		}
+	}
+	header.Set("Content-Type", contentType)
+	header.Set("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")
+
+	if opts.ContentLength != nil {
+		header.Set("Content-Length", strconv.FormatInt(*opts.ContentLength, 10))
+	}
+
+	if opts.Filename != "" {
+		disposition := opts.Disposition
+		if disposition == "" {
+			disposition = "attachment"
+		}
+
+		backslashEscapedName := strings.ReplaceAll(strings.ReplaceAll(opts.Filename, `\`, `\\`), `"`, `\"`) // \ -> \\, " -> \"
+		header.Set("Content-Disposition", fmt.Sprintf(`%s; filename="%s"; filename*=UTF-8''%s`, disposition, backslashEscapedName, url.PathEscape(opts.Filename)))
+		header.Set("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", "Content-Disposition")
+	}
+
+	duration := opts.CacheDuration
+	if duration == 0 {
+		duration = 5 * time.Minute
+	}
+	httpcache.AddCacheControlToHeader(header, duration)
+
+	if !opts.LastModified.IsZero() {
+		header.Set("Last-Modified", opts.LastModified.UTC().Format(http.TimeFormat))
+	}
 }

 // ServeContent serves content to http request
-func (ctx *Context) ServeContent(name string, r io.ReadSeeker, modTime time.Time) {
-	ctx.SetServeHeaders(name)
-	http.ServeContent(ctx.Resp, ctx.Req, name, modTime, r)
-}
-
-// ServeFile serves given file to response.
-func (ctx *Context) ServeFile(file string, names ...string) {
-	var name string
-	if len(names) > 0 {
-		name = names[0]
-	} else {
-		name = path.Base(file)
-	}
-	ctx.SetServeHeaders(name)
-	http.ServeFile(ctx.Resp, ctx.Req, file)
+func (ctx *Context) ServeContent(r io.ReadSeeker, opts *ServeHeaderOptions) {
+	ctx.SetServeHeaders(opts)
+	http.ServeContent(ctx.Resp, ctx.Req, opts.Filename, opts.LastModified, r)
 }

 // UploadStream returns the request body or the first form file
@ -635,7 +663,13 @@ func getCsrfOpts() CsrfOptions {
 // Auth converts auth.Auth as a middleware
 func Auth(authMethod auth.Method) func(*Context) {
 	return func(ctx *Context) {
-		ctx.Doer = authMethod.Verify(ctx.Req, ctx.Resp, ctx, ctx.Session)
+		var err error
+		ctx.Doer, err = authMethod.Verify(ctx.Req, ctx.Resp, ctx, ctx.Session)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("Failed to verify user %v: %v", ctx.Req.RemoteAddr, err)
+			ctx.Error(http.StatusUnauthorized, "Verify")
+			return
+		}
 		if ctx.Doer != nil {
 			if ctx.Locale.Language() != ctx.Doer.Language {
 				ctx.Locale = middleware.Locale(ctx.Resp, ctx.Req)
--- a/modules/context/pagination.go
+++ b/modules/context/pagination.go
@ -19,10 +19,11 @@ type Pagination struct {
 	urlParams []string
 }

-// NewPagination creates a new instance of the Pagination struct
-func NewPagination(total, page, issueNum, numPages int) *Pagination {
+// NewPagination creates a new instance of the Pagination struct.
+// "pagingNum" is "page size" or "limit", "current" is "page"
+func NewPagination(total, pagingNum, current, numPages int) *Pagination {
 	p := &Pagination{}
-	p.Paginater = paginator.New(total, page, issueNum, numPages)
+	p.Paginater = paginator.New(total, pagingNum, current, numPages)
 	return p
 }

--- a/modules/context/repo.go
+++ b/modules/context/repo.go
@ -816,7 +816,7 @@ func getRefName(ctx *Context, pathType RepoRefType) string {
 		}
 		// For legacy and API support only full commit sha
 		parts := strings.Split(path, "/")
-		if len(parts) > 0 && len(parts[0]) == 40 {
+		if len(parts) > 0 && len(parts[0]) == git.SHAFullLength {
 			ctx.Repo.TreePath = strings.Join(parts[1:], "/")
 			return parts[0]
 		}
@ -852,7 +852,7 @@ func getRefName(ctx *Context, pathType RepoRefType) string {
 		return getRefNameFromPath(ctx, path, ctx.Repo.GitRepo.IsTagExist)
 	case RepoRefCommit:
 		parts := strings.Split(path, "/")
-		if len(parts) > 0 && len(parts[0]) >= 7 && len(parts[0]) <= 40 {
+		if len(parts) > 0 && len(parts[0]) >= 7 && len(parts[0]) <= git.SHAFullLength {
 			ctx.Repo.TreePath = strings.Join(parts[1:], "/")
 			return parts[0]
 		}
@ -961,7 +961,7 @@ func RepoRefByType(refType RepoRefType, ignoreNotExistErr ...bool) func(*Context
 					return
 				}
 				ctx.Repo.CommitID = ctx.Repo.Commit.ID.String()
-			} else if len(refName) >= 7 && len(refName) <= 40 {
+			} else if len(refName) >= 7 && len(refName) <= git.SHAFullLength {
 				ctx.Repo.IsViewCommit = true
 				ctx.Repo.CommitID = refName

@ -971,7 +971,7 @@ func RepoRefByType(refType RepoRefType, ignoreNotExistErr ...bool) func(*Context
 					return
 				}
 				// If short commit ID add canonical link header
-				if len(refName) < 40 {
+				if len(refName) < git.SHAFullLength {
 					ctx.RespHeader().Set("Link", fmt.Sprintf("<%s>; rel=\"canonical\"",
 						util.URLJoin(setting.AppURL, strings.Replace(ctx.Req.URL.RequestURI(), util.PathEscapeSegments(refName), url.PathEscape(ctx.Repo.Commit.ID.String()), 1))))
 				}
@ -1087,6 +1087,9 @@ func (ctx *Context) IssueTemplatesErrorsFromDefaultBranch() ([]*api.IssueTemplat
 			if it, err := template.UnmarshalFromEntry(entry, dirName); err != nil {
 				invalidFiles[fullName] = err
 			} else {
+				if !strings.HasPrefix(it.Ref, "refs/") { // Assume that the ref intended is always a branch - for tags users should use refs/tags/<ref>
+					it.Ref = git.BranchPrefix + it.Ref
+				}
 				issueTemplates = append(issueTemplates, it)
 			}
 		}
--- a/modules/convert/issue.go
+++ b/modules/convert/issue.go
@ -110,12 +110,11 @@ func ToAPIIssueList(il issues_model.IssueList) []*api.Issue {
 // ToTrackedTime converts TrackedTime to API format
 func ToTrackedTime(t *issues_model.TrackedTime) (apiT *api.TrackedTime) {
 	apiT = &api.TrackedTime{
-		ID:       t.ID,
-		IssueID:  t.IssueID,
-		UserID:   t.UserID,
-		UserName: t.User.Name,
-		Time:     t.Time,
-		Created:  t.Created,
+		ID:      t.ID,
+		IssueID: t.IssueID,
+		UserID:  t.UserID,
+		Time:    t.Time,
+		Created: t.Created,
 	}
 	if t.Issue != nil {
 		apiT.Issue = ToAPIIssue(t.Issue)
--- a/modules/convert/pull.go
+++ b/modules/convert/pull.go
@ -89,6 +89,10 @@ func ToAPIPullRequest(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *u
 		},
 	}

+	if pr.Issue.ClosedUnix != 0 {
+		apiPullRequest.Closed = pr.Issue.ClosedUnix.AsTimePtr()
+	}
+
 	gitRepo, err := git.OpenRepository(ctx, pr.BaseRepo.RepoPath())
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("OpenRepository[%s]: %v", pr.BaseRepo.RepoPath(), err)
--- a/modules/doctor/dbconsistency.go
+++ b/modules/doctor/dbconsistency.go
@ -205,6 +205,9 @@ func checkDBConsistency(ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, autofix bool) er
 		// find stopwatches without existing issue
 		genericOrphanCheck("Orphaned Stopwatches without existing Issue",
 			"stopwatch", "issue", "stopwatch.issue_id=`issue`.id"),
+		// find redirects without existing user.
+		genericOrphanCheck("Orphaned Redirects without existing redirect user",
+			"user_redirect", "user", "user_redirect.redirect_user_id=`user`.id"),
 	)

 	for _, c := range consistencyChecks {
--- a/modules/doctor/heads.go
+++ b/modules/doctor/heads.go
@ -19,11 +19,9 @@ func synchronizeRepoHeads(ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, autofix bool)
 	numReposUpdated := 0
 	err := iterateRepositories(ctx, func(repo *repo_model.Repository) error {
 		numRepos++
-		runOpts := &git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()}
+		_, _, defaultBranchErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-parse").AddDashesAndList(repo.DefaultBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})

-		_, _, defaultBranchErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-parse").AddDashesAndList(repo.DefaultBranch).RunStdString(runOpts)
-
-		head, _, headErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "symbolic-ref", "--short", "HEAD").RunStdString(runOpts)
+		head, _, headErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "symbolic-ref", "--short", "HEAD").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})

 		// what we expect: default branch is valid, and HEAD points to it
 		if headErr == nil && defaultBranchErr == nil && head == repo.DefaultBranch {
@ -49,7 +47,7 @@ func synchronizeRepoHeads(ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, autofix bool)
 		}

 		// otherwise, let's try fixing HEAD
-		err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "symbolic-ref").AddDashesAndList("HEAD", repo.DefaultBranch).Run(runOpts)
+		err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "symbolic-ref").AddDashesAndList("HEAD", git.BranchPrefix+repo.DefaultBranch).Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
 		if err != nil {
 			logger.Warn("Failed to fix HEAD for %s/%s: %v", repo.OwnerName, repo.Name, err)
 			return nil
@ -65,7 +63,7 @@ func synchronizeRepoHeads(ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, autofix bool)
 		logger.Info("Out of %d repos, HEADs for %d are now fixed and HEADS for %d are still broken", numRepos, numReposUpdated, numDefaultBranchesBroken+numHeadsBroken-numReposUpdated)
 	} else {
 		if numHeadsBroken == 0 && numDefaultBranchesBroken == 0 {
-			logger.Info("All %d repos have their HEADs in the correct state")
+			logger.Info("All %d repos have their HEADs in the correct state", numRepos)
 		} else {
 			if numHeadsBroken == 0 && numDefaultBranchesBroken != 0 {
 				logger.Critical("Default branches are broken for %d/%d repos", numDefaultBranchesBroken, numRepos)
--- a/modules/emoji/emoji_data.go
+++ b/modules/emoji/emoji_data.go
--- a/modules/git/blame.go
+++ b/modules/git/blame.go
@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ type BlamePart struct {

 // BlameReader returns part of file blame one by one
 type BlameReader struct {
-	cmd      *exec.Cmd
-	output   io.ReadCloser
-	reader   *bufio.Reader
-	lastSha  *string
-	cancel   context.CancelFunc   // Cancels the context that this reader runs in
-	finished process.FinishedFunc // Tells the process manager we're finished and it can remove the associated process from the process table
+	cmd            *exec.Cmd
+	reader         io.ReadCloser
+	lastSha        *string
+	cancel         context.CancelFunc   // Cancels the context that this reader runs in
+	finished       process.FinishedFunc // Tells the process manager we're finished and it can remove the associated process from the process table
+	bufferedReader *bufio.Reader
 }

 var shaLineRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^([a-z0-9]{40})")
@ -38,8 +38,6 @@ var shaLineRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^([a-z0-9]{40})")
 func (r *BlameReader) NextPart() (*BlamePart, error) {
 	var blamePart *BlamePart

-	reader := r.reader
-
 	if r.lastSha != nil {
 		blamePart = &BlamePart{*r.lastSha, make([]string, 0)}
 	}
@ -49,7 +47,7 @@ func (r *BlameReader) NextPart() (*BlamePart, error) {
 	var err error

 	for err != io.EOF {
-		line, isPrefix, err = reader.ReadLine()
+		line, isPrefix, err = r.bufferedReader.ReadLine()
 		if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
 			return blamePart, err
 		}
@ -71,7 +69,7 @@ func (r *BlameReader) NextPart() (*BlamePart, error) {
 				r.lastSha = &sha1
 				// need to munch to end of line...
 				for isPrefix {
-					_, isPrefix, err = reader.ReadLine()
+					_, isPrefix, err = r.bufferedReader.ReadLine()
 					if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
 						return blamePart, err
 					}
@ -86,7 +84,7 @@ func (r *BlameReader) NextPart() (*BlamePart, error) {

 		// need to munch to end of line...
 		for isPrefix {
-			_, isPrefix, err = reader.ReadLine()
+			_, isPrefix, err = r.bufferedReader.ReadLine()
 			if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
 				return blamePart, err
 			}
@ -102,9 +100,9 @@ func (r *BlameReader) NextPart() (*BlamePart, error) {
 func (r *BlameReader) Close() error {
 	defer r.finished() // Only remove the process from the process table when the underlying command is closed
 	r.cancel()         // However, first cancel our own context early
+	r.bufferedReader = nil

-	_ = r.output.Close()
-
+	_ = r.reader.Close()
 	if err := r.cmd.Wait(); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("Wait: %w", err)
 	}
@ -126,25 +124,27 @@ func createBlameReader(ctx context.Context, dir string, command ...string) (*Bla
 	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
 	process.SetSysProcAttribute(cmd)

-	stdout, err := cmd.StdoutPipe()
+	reader, stdout, err := os.Pipe()
 	if err != nil {
 		defer finished()
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("StdoutPipe: %w", err)
 	}
+	cmd.Stdout = stdout

 	if err = cmd.Start(); err != nil {
 		defer finished()
 		_ = stdout.Close()
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Start: %w", err)
 	}
+	_ = stdout.Close()

-	reader := bufio.NewReader(stdout)
+	bufferedReader := bufio.NewReader(reader)

 	return &BlameReader{
-		cmd:      cmd,
-		output:   stdout,
-		reader:   reader,
-		cancel:   cancel,
-		finished: finished,
+		cmd:            cmd,
+		reader:         reader,
+		cancel:         cancel,
+		finished:       finished,
+		bufferedReader: bufferedReader,
 	}, nil
 }
--- a/modules/git/blame_test.go
+++ b/modules/git/blame_test.go
@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ summary Add code of delete user
 previous be0ba9ea88aff8a658d0495d36accf944b74888d gogs.go
 filename gogs.go
 	// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
-	
+	` + `
 e2aa991e10ffd924a828ec149951f2f20eecead2 6 6 2
 author Lunny Xiao
 author-mail <xiaolunwen@gmail.com>
@ -112,9 +112,7 @@ func TestReadingBlameOutput(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			"ce21ed6c3490cdfad797319cbb1145e2330a8fef",
-			[]string{
-				"// Copyright 2016 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.",
-			},
+			[]string{"// Copyright 2016 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved."},
 		},
 		{
 			"4b92a6c2df28054ad766bc262f308db9f6066596",
--- a/modules/git/command.go
+++ b/modules/git/command.go
@ -202,8 +202,11 @@ func (c *Command) Run(opts *RunOpts) error {
 	if opts == nil {
 		opts = &RunOpts{}
 	}
-	if opts.Timeout <= 0 {
-		opts.Timeout = defaultCommandExecutionTimeout
+
+	// We must not change the provided options
+	timeout := opts.Timeout
+	if timeout <= 0 {
+		timeout = defaultCommandExecutionTimeout
 	}

 	if len(opts.Dir) == 0 {
@ -238,7 +241,7 @@ func (c *Command) Run(opts *RunOpts) error {
 	if opts.UseContextTimeout {
 		ctx, cancel, finished = process.GetManager().AddContext(c.parentContext, desc)
 	} else {
-		ctx, cancel, finished = process.GetManager().AddContextTimeout(c.parentContext, opts.Timeout, desc)
+		ctx, cancel, finished = process.GetManager().AddContextTimeout(c.parentContext, timeout, desc)
 	}
 	defer finished()

@ -339,9 +342,20 @@ func (c *Command) RunStdBytes(opts *RunOpts) (stdout, stderr []byte, runErr RunS
 	}
 	stdoutBuf := &bytes.Buffer{}
 	stderrBuf := &bytes.Buffer{}
-	opts.Stdout = stdoutBuf
-	opts.Stderr = stderrBuf
-	err := c.Run(opts)
+
+	// We must not change the provided options as it could break future calls - therefore make a copy.
+	newOpts := &RunOpts{
+		Env:               opts.Env,
+		Timeout:           opts.Timeout,
+		UseContextTimeout: opts.UseContextTimeout,
+		Dir:               opts.Dir,
+		Stdout:            stdoutBuf,
+		Stderr:            stderrBuf,
+		Stdin:             opts.Stdin,
+		PipelineFunc:      opts.PipelineFunc,
+	}
+
+	err := c.Run(newOpts)
 	stderr = stderrBuf.Bytes()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, stderr, &runStdError{err: err, stderr: bytesToString(stderr)}
--- a/Show more
+++ b/Show more